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This paper focuses on understanding how the generalization error scales with the amount of the training data for deep neural networks (DNNs). Existing techniques in statistical learning require computation of capacity measures, such as VC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Devansh Bisla , Apoorva Nandini Saridena , Anna Choromanska

Recent work has found that neural networks with stronger generalization tend to exhibit higher representational alignment with one another across architectures and training paradigms. In this work, we show that models with stronger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Junjie Yu , Wenxiao Ma , Chen Wei , Jianyu Zhang , Haotian Deng , Zihan Deng , Quanying Liu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become increasingly important due to their excellent empirical performance on a wide range of problems. However, regularization is generally achieved by indirect means, largely due to the complex set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Amal Rannen Triki , Maxim Berman , Matthew B. Blaschko

We investigate a Tikhonov regularization scheme specifically tailored for shallow neural networks within the context of solving a classic inverse problem: approximating an unknown function and its derivatives within a unit cubic domain…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Yuanyuan Li , Shuai Lu

We study the power of deep neural networks (DNNs) with sigmoid activation function. Recently, it was shown that DNNs approximate any $d$-dimensional, smooth function on a compact set with a rate of order $W^{-p/d}$, where $W$ is the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Sophie Langer

This work addresses two fundamental limitations in neural network approximation theory. We demonstrate that a three-dimensional network architecture enables a significantly more efficient representation of sawtooth functions, which serves…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-13 ZeYu Li , FengLei Fan , TieYong Zeng

The classical Universal Approximation Theorem holds for neural networks of arbitrary width and bounded depth. Here we consider the natural `dual' scenario for networks of bounded width and arbitrary depth. Precisely, let $n$ be the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Patrick Kidger , Terry Lyons

In this paper we study shallow neural network functions which are linear combinations of compositions of activation and quadratic functions, replacing standard affine linear functions, often called neurons. We show the universality of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Leon Frischauf , Otmar Scherzer , Cong Shi

Sustainable research on computational models of neuronal networks requires published models to be understandable, reproducible, and extendable. Missing details or ambiguities about mathematical concepts and assumptions, algorithmic…

We derive upper bounds on the complexity of ReLU neural networks approximating the solution maps of parametric partial differential equations. In particular, without any knowledge of its concrete shape, we use the inherent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Gitta Kutyniok , Philipp Petersen , Mones Raslan , Reinhold Schneider

In this paper we consider Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with a smooth activation function as surrogates for high-dimensional functions that are somewhat smooth but costly to evaluate. We consider the standard (non-periodic) DNNs as well as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Alexander Keller , Frances Y. Kuo , Dirk Nuyens , Ian H. Sloan

We establish novel rates for the Gaussian approximation of random deep neural networks with Gaussian parameters (weights and biases) and Lipschitz activation functions, in the wide limit. Our bounds apply for the joint output of a network…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Dario Trevisan

Neural networks, a central tool in machine learning, have demonstrated remarkable, high fidelity performance on image recognition and classification tasks. These successes evince an ability to accurately represent high dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-08 Grant M. Rotskoff , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

We study the approximation capacity of some variation spaces corresponding to shallow ReLU$^k$ neural networks. It is shown that sufficiently smooth functions are contained in these spaces with finite variation norms. For functions with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Yunfei Yang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Neural networks are popular and useful in many fields, but they have the problem of giving high confidence responses for examples that are away from the training data. This makes the neural networks very confident in their prediction while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Adrian Barbu , Hongyu Mou

Generic approximation of entire functions by their Pad\'{e} approximants has been achieved in the past (\cite{3}). In the present article we obtain generic approximation of holomorphic functions on arbitrary open sets by sequences of their…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2011-06-02 G. Fournodavlos , V. Nestoridis

In this paper, we present generalization bounds for the unsupervised risk in the Deep Contrastive Representation Learning framework, which employs deep neural networks as representation functions. We approach this problem from two angles.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-20 Nong Minh Hieu , Antoine Ledent , Yunwen Lei , Cheng Yeaw Ku

Modeling place functions from a computational perspective is a prevalent research topic. Trajectory embedding, as a neural-network-backed dimension reduction technology, allows the possibility to put places with similar social functions at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Cheng Fu , Robert Weibel

We propose a deep neural network architecture for storing approximate Lyapunov functions of systems of ordinary differential equations. Under a small-gain condition on the system, the number of neurons needed for an approximation of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Lars Grüne

We study the approximation of shift-invariant or equivariant functions by deep fully convolutional networks from the dynamical systems perspective. We prove that deep residual fully convolutional networks and their continuous-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Ting Lin , Zuowei Shen , Qianxiao Li
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