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Recommender systems have been widely applied in different real-life scenarios to help us find useful information. In particular, Reinforcement Learning (RL) based recommender systems have become an emerging research topic in recent years,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yuanguo Lin , Yong Liu , Fan Lin , Lixin Zou , Pengcheng Wu , Wenhua Zeng , Huanhuan Chen , Chunyan Miao

Recommender systems have been shown to be vulnerable to poisoning attacks, where malicious data is injected into the dataset to cause the recommender system to provide biased recommendations. To defend against such attacks, various robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Yichang Xu , Chenwang Wu , Defu Lian

Many studies in recommender systems (RecSys) adopt a general problem definition, i.e., to recommend preferred items to users based on past interactions. Such abstraction often lacks the domain-specific nuances necessary for practical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Aixin Sun

Recommender systems are tools that support online users by pointing them to potential items of interest in situations of information overload. In recent years, the class of session-based recommendation algorithms received more attention in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Malte Ludewig , Noemi Mauro , Sara Latifi , Dietmar Jannach

The accurate labeling of datasets is often both costly and time-consuming. Given an unlabeled dataset, programmatic weak supervision obtains probabilistic predictions for the labels by leveraging multiple weak labeling functions (LFs) that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Verónica Álvarez , Santiago Mazuelas , Steven An , Sanjoy Dasgupta

Given an IID sample from a positive distribution, we provide a method for constructing rigorous finite sample lower confidence bounds for the expectation of the distribution. The method is based on constructing rigorous confidence regions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-10-27 Yoram Gat

Machine learning methods allow us to make recommendations to users in applications across fields including entertainment, dating, and commerce, by exploiting similarities in users' interaction patterns. However, in domains that demand…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Mónica Ribero , Jette Henderson , Sinead Williamson , Haris Vikalo

Smooth Estimation of probability density and distribution functions from its sample is an attractive and an important problem that has applications in several fields such as, business, medicine, and environment. This article introduces a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-02 Elsayed A. H. Elamir

Recommender systems remain an essential topic due to its wide application and business potential. Given the great generation capability exhibited by diffusion models in computer vision recently, many recommender systems have adopted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ting-Ruen Wei , Yi Fang

The ability to design and optimize biological sequences with specific functionalities would unlock enormous value in technology and healthcare. In recent years, machine learning-guided sequence design has progressed this goal significantly,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-21 Lauren Berk Wheelock , Stephen Malina , Jeffrey Gerold , Sam Sinai

Unexpected recommender system constitutes an important tool to tackle the problem of filter bubbles and user boredom, which aims at providing unexpected and satisfying recommendations to target users at the same time. Previous unexpected…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Pan Li , Alexander Tuzhilin

This paper jointly addresses the problem of data uncertainty, popularity bias, and exposure bias in session-based recommender systems. We study the symptoms of this bias both in item embeddings and in recommendations. We propose treating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Klaudia Balcer , Piotr Lipinski

A confidence distribution is a complete tool for making frequentist inference for a parameter of interest $\psi$ based on an assumed parametric model. Indeed, it allows to reach point estimates, to assess their precision, to set up tests…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-20 Elena Bortolato , Laura Ventura

In the field of reinforcement learning there has been recent progress towards safety and high-confidence bounds on policy performance. However, to our knowledge, no practical methods exist for determining high-confidence policy performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

Text-to-image diffusion models are a class of deep generative models that have demonstrated an impressive capacity for high-quality image generation. However, these models are susceptible to implicit biases that arise from web-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yinan Zhang , Eric Tzeng , Yilun Du , Dmitry Kislyuk

Reinforcement learning based fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) on human preferences has been shown to enhance both their capabilities and safety behavior. However, in cases related to safety, without precise instructions to human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tong Mu , Alec Helyar , Johannes Heidecke , Joshua Achiam , Andrea Vallone , Ian Kivlichan , Molly Lin , Alex Beutel , John Schulman , Lilian Weng

Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising paradigm for improving large language model (LLM) agents on long-horizon interactive tasks. However, in partially observable environments, incomplete observations cause…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wenjie Tang , Minne Li , Sijie Huang , Liquan Xiao , Yuan Zhou

Aggregated data in real world recommender applications often feature fat-tailed distributions of the number of times individual items have been rated or favored. We propose a model to simulate such data. The model is mainly based on social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-08-14 Marcel Blattner , Matus Medo

Diffusion models recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for recommender systems, offering state-of-the-art performance by modeling the generative process of user-item interactions. However, training such models from scratch is both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yu Hou , Hua Li , Ha Young Kim , Won-Yong Shin

Reinforcement learning is a general method for learning in sequential settings, but it can often be difficult to specify a good reward function when the task is complex. In these cases, preference feedback or expert demonstrations can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jason R Brown , Carl Henrik Ek , Robert D Mullins