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AI services are known to have unstable behavior when subjected to changes in data, models or users. Such behaviors, whether triggered by omission or commission, lead to trust issues when AI works with humans. The current approach of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Biplav Srivastava , Kausik Lakkaraju , Mariana Bernagozzi , Marco Valtorta

As the manufacturing industry advances with sensor integration and automation, the opaque nature of deep learning models in machine learning poses a significant challenge for fault detection and diagnosis. And despite the related predictive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ahmed Maged , Salah Haridy , Herman Shen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly employed to enhance assistive technologies, yet it can fail in various ways. We conducted a systematic literature review of research into AI-based assistive technology for persons with visual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Zahra Ahmadi , Peter R. Lewis , Mahadeo A. Sukhai

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in large language models (LLMs), have unlocked significant potential to enhance the quality and efficiency of medical care. By introducing a novel way to interact with AI and…

Embodied AI systems, comprising AI models and physical plants, are increasingly prevalent across various applications. Due to the rarity of system failures, ensuring their safety in complex operating environments remains a major challenge,…

AI safety is still largely framed as alignment: training models to follow human preferences, safety policies, and normative constraints. That framing has improved the behavior of modern language models, but aligned behavior does not by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yige Li , Yunhao Feng , Jun Sun

We present a quantitative model for tracking dangerous AI capabilities over time. Our goal is to help the policy and research community visualise how dangerous capability testing can give us an early warning about approaching AI risks. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Paolo Bova , Alessandro Di Stefano , The Anh Han

As AI systems are integrated into high stakes social domains, researchers now examine how to design and operate them in a safe and ethical manner. However, the criteria for identifying and diagnosing safety risks in complex social contexts…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Roel Dobbe , Thomas Krendl Gilbert , Yonatan Mintz

Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems pose increasing risks to society, making it essential for developers to provide assurances about their safety. One approach to offering such assurances is through a safety case: a structured,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Arthur Goemans , Marie Davidsen Buhl , Jonas Schuett , Tomek Korbak , Jessica Wang , Benjamin Hilton , Geoffrey Irving

Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved considerably in the last few years. While applications of AI is now becoming more common in fields like retail and marketing, application of AI in solving problems related to developing countries is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Anusua Trivedi , Sumit Mukherjee , Edmund Tse , Anne Ewing , Juan Lavista Ferres

In this paper we present an analysis of technological and psychological factors of applying artificial intelligence (AI) at the work place. We do so for a number of twelve application cases in the context of a project where AI is integrated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Stefan Schiffer , Anna Milena Rothermel , Alexander Ferrein , Astrid Rosenthal-von der Pütten

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

With the increasing commoditization of computer vision, speech recognition and machine translation systems and the widespread deployment of learning-based back-end technologies such as digital advertising and intelligent infrastructures, AI…

As AI systems become more advanced, concerns about large-scale risks from misuse or accidents have grown. This report analyzes the technical research into safe AI development being conducted by three leading AI companies: Anthropic, Google…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Oscar Delaney , Oliver Guest , Zoe Williams

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integrated into healthcare and pharmacy workflows, supporting tasks such as medication recommendations, dosage determination, and drug interaction detection. While these systems often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Khalid Adnan Alsayed

AI-based systems possess distinctive characteristics and introduce challenges in quality evaluation at the same time. Consequently, ensuring and validating AI software quality is of critical importance. In this paper, we present an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jing Shu , Bing-Jiun Miu , Eugene Chang , Jerry Gao , Jun Liu

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) make them increasingly compelling for adoption in real-world healthcare applications. However, the risks associated with using LLMs in medical applications have not been…

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

Safety and responsibility evaluations of advanced AI models are a critical but developing field of research and practice. In the development of Google DeepMind's advanced AI models, we innovated on and applied a broad set of approaches to…

The remarkable achievements of ChatGPT and GPT-4 have sparked a wave of interest and research in the field of large language models for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). These models provide intelligent solutions close to human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Xiang Li , Congcong Wen , Yuan Hu , Zhenghang Yuan , Xiao Xiang Zhu