Related papers: A state sum for the total face color polynomial
Suppose $G$ is a simple graph with $n$ vertices, $m$ edges, and rank $r$. Let $\chi_G(t)=a_0t^n-a_1t^{n-1}+\cdots +(-1)^ra_rt^{n-r}$ be the chromatic polynomial of $G$. For $q,k\in \Bbb{Z}$ and $0\le k\le q+r+1$, we obtain a sharp two-side…
If ${\cal F}$ is a set of subgraphs $F$ of a finite graph $E$ we define a graph-counting polynomial $$ p_{\cal F}(z)=\sum_{F\in{\cal F}}z^{|F|} $$ In the present note we consider oriented graphs and discuss some cases where ${\cal F}$…
Perfect colorings (equitable partitions) of graphs are extensively studied, while the same concept for hypergraphs attracts much less attention. The aim of this paper is to develop basic notions and properties of perfect colorings for…
We show that the combinatorial matter of graph coloring is, in fact, quantum in the sense of satisfying the sum over all the possible intermediate state properties of a path integral. In our case, the topological field theory (TFT) with…
The proof uses the property that the vertices of a triangulated planar graph can be four coloured if the triangles can have a +1 or -1 orientation so that the sum of the triangle orientations around each vertex is a multiple of 3. Such…
A facial $3$-complete $k$-coloring of a triangulation $G$ on a surface is a vertex $k$-coloring such that every triple of $k$-colors appears on the boundary of some face of $G$. The facial $3$-achromatic number $\psi_3(G)$ of $G$ is the…
The Grundy number of a graph is the maximal number of colors attained by a first-fit coloring of the graph. The class of Cameron graphs is the Seidel switching class of cographs. In this paper we show that the Grundy number is computable in…
Let $\Gamma$ be an Abelian group and let $G$ be a simple graph. We say that $G$ is $\Gamma$-colorable if for some fixed orientation of $G$ and every edge labeling $\ell:E(G)\rightarrow \Gamma$, there exists a vertex coloring $c$ by the…
Let $G$ be a plane graph with $C$ the boundary of the outer face and let $(L(v):v\in V(G))$ be a family of non-empty sets. By an $L$-coloring of a subgraph $J$ of $G$ we mean a (proper) coloring $\phi$ of $J$ such that $\phi(v)\in L(v)$ for…
We construct a generalisation of the three-dimensional Poincar\'e algebra that also includes a colour symmetry factor. This algebra can be used to define coloured Poincar\'e gravity in three space-time dimensions as well as to study…
Hindman's finite sums theorem states that in any finite coloring of the naturals, there is an infinite sequence all of whose finite subset sums are the same color. In 1979, Hindman showed that there is a finite coloring of the naturals so…
A {\em total coloring} of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to the vertices and the edges of $G$ such that every pair of adjacent/incident elements receive distinct colors. The {\em total chromatic number} of a graph $G$, denoted by…
We address the enumeration of properly q-colored planar maps, or more precisely, the enumeration of rooted planar maps M weighted by their chromatic polynomial \chi_M(q) and counted by the number of vertices and faces. We prove that the…
In this paper, we find recursive formulas for the Tutte polynomial of a family of small-world networks: Farey graphs, which are modular and have an exponential degree hierarchy. Then, making use of these formulas, we determine the number of…
The vertex coloring problem to find chromatic numbers is known to be unsolvable in polynomial time. Although various algorithms have been proposed to efficiently compute chromatic numbers, they tend to take an enormous amount of time for…
We explore the interplay between algebraic combinatorics and algorithmic problems in graph theory by defining a polynomial with connections to correspondence colouring (also known as DP-colouring), a recent generalization of list-colouring,…
For each integer $m\ge3$, let $P_m(x)$ denote the generalized $m$-gonal number $\frac{(m-2)x^2-(m-4)x}{2}$ with $x\in\mathbb{Z}$. Given positive integers $a,b,c,k$ and an odd prime number $p$ with $p\nmid c$, we employ the theory of ternary…
A graph is said to be {\it total-colored} if all the edges and the vertices of the graph are colored. A total-coloring of a graph is a {\it total monochromatically-connecting coloring} ({\it TMC-coloring}, for short) if any two vertices of…
The main result is a common generalization of results on lower bounds for the chromatic number of r-uniform hypergraphs and some of the major theorems in Tverberg-type theory, which is concerned with the intersection pattern of faces in a…
We prove that the facial nonrepetitive chromatic number of any outerplanar graph is at most 11 and of any planar graph is at most 22.