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Perception is a safety-critical function of autonomous vehicles and machine learning (ML) plays a key role in its implementation. This position paper identifies (1) perceptual uncertainty as a performance measure used to define safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Krzysztof Czarnecki , Rick Salay

Semantic Abstraction's key observation is that 2D VLMs' relevancy activations roughly correspond to their confidence of whether and where an object is in the scene. Thus, relevancy maps are treated as "abstract object" representations. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tasha Pais , Nikhilesh Belulkar

Validation is often defined as the process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the real world from the perspective of its intended uses. Validation is crucial as industries and governments depend…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Didier Sornette , Anthony B. Davis , James R. Kamm , Kayo Ide

The search engine plays a fundamental role in online e-commerce systems, to help users find the products they want from the massive product collections. Relevance is an essential requirement for e-commerce search, since showing products…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Shaowei Yao , Jiwei Tan , Xi Chen , Keping Yang , Rong Xiao , Hongbo Deng , Xiaojun Wan

The recent surge in interest in autonomous driving stems from its rapidly developing capacity to enhance safety, efficiency, and convenience. A pivotal aspect of autonomous driving technology is its perceptual systems, where core algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Qi Zhang , Siyuan Gou , Wenbin Li

We argue that object detectors in the safety critical domain should prioritize detection of objects that are most likely to interfere with the actions of the autonomous actor. Especially, this applies to objects that can impact the actor's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Andrea Ceccarelli , Leonardo Montecchi

A significant amount of people die in road accidents due to driver errors. To reduce fatalities, developing intelligent driving systems assisting drivers to identify potential risks is in an urgent need. Risky situations are generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Chengxi Li , Stanley H. Chan , Yi-Ting Chen

Trustworthy environment perception is the fundamental basis for the safe deployment of automated agents such as self-driving vehicles or intelligent robots. The problem remains that such trust is notoriously difficult to guarantee in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Florian Geissler , Alex Unnervik , Michael Paulitsch

We present a novel method for testing the safety of self-driving vehicles in simulation. We propose an alternative to sensor simulation, as sensor simulation is expensive and has large domain gaps. Instead, we directly simulate the outputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Kelvin Wong , Qiang Zhang , Ming Liang , Bin Yang , Renjie Liao , Abbas Sadat , Raquel Urtasun

As an essential component of visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), place recognition is crucial for robot navigation and autonomous driving. Existing methods often formulate visual place recognition as feature matching, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Han Wang , Chen Wang , Lihua Xie

In the recent years, there has been a rush towards highly autonomous systems operating in public environments, such as automated driving of road vehicles, passenger shuttle systems and mobile robots. These systems, operating in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Alexander Poddey , Tino Brade , Jan Erik Stellet , Wolfgang Branz

Computing conceptual structures, like formal concept lattices, is in the age of massive data sets a challenging task. There are various approaches to deal with this, e.g., random sampling, parallelization, or attribute extraction. A so far…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Tom Hanika , Maren Koyda , Gerd Stumme

With an increasing use of data-driven models to control robotic systems, it has become important to develop a methodology for validating such models before they can be deployed to design a controller for the actual system. Specifically, it…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Somil Bansal , Shromona Ghosh , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit A. Seshia , Claire J. Tomlin

Despite the general consensus in transport research community that model calibration and validation are necessary to enhance model predictive performance, there exist significant inconsistencies in the literature. This is primarily due to a…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-18 Samson Ting , Thomas Lymburn , Thomas Stemler , Yuchao Sun , Michael Small

Human brain possesses the ability to effectively focus on important environmental components, which enhances perception, learning, reasoning, and decision-making. Inspired by this cognitive mechanism, we introduced a novel concept termed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xiaotong Zhang , Dingcheng Huang , Kamal Youcef-Toumi

Autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles' perception algorithms can encounter situations with erroneous object detection, such as misclassification of objects on the road, which can lead to safety violations and potentially fatal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Viren Khandal , Arth Vidyarthi

A small subset of explainability techniques developed initially for image recognition models has recently been applied for interpretability of 3D Convolutional Neural Network models in activity recognition tasks. Much like the models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Liam Hiley , Alun Preece , Yulia Hicks , Supriyo Chakraborty , Prudhvi Gurram , Richard Tomsett

For the assessment of machine perception for automated driving it is important to understand the influence of certain environment factors on the sensors used. Especially when investigating large amounts of real-world data to find and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-04 Maike Scholtes , Lutz Eckstein

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Effective traffic light detection is a critical component of the perception stack in autonomous vehicles. This work introduces a novel deep-learning detection system while addressing the challenges of previous work. Utilizing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Nikolai Polley , Svetlana Pavlitska , Yacin Boualili , Patrick Rohrbeck , Paul Stiller , Ashok Kumar Bangaru , J. Marius Zöllner