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Quantization is an effective technique to reduce the deployment cost of large language models (LLMs), and post-training quantization (PTQ) has been widely studied due to its efficiency. However, existing PTQ methods are limited by their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qitao Tan , Xiaoying Song , Jin Lu , Guoming Li , Jun Liu , Lingzi Hong , Caiwen Ding , Jundong Li , Xiaoming Zhai , Shaoyi Huang , Wei Niu , Geng Yuan

Deploying quantized deep neural network (DNN) models with resource adaptation capabilities on ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoT) devices to provide high-quality AI services can leverage the benefits of compression and meet multi-scenario…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jianhang Xie , Chuntao Ding , Xiaqing Li , Shenyuan Ren , Yidong Li , Zhichao Lu

The severe on-chip memory limitations are currently preventing the deployment of the most accurate Deep Neural Network (DNN) models on tiny MicroController Units (MCUs), even if leveraging an effective 8-bit quantization scheme. To tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Manuele Rusci , Marco Fariselli , Alessandro Capotondi , Luca Benini

Quantization is an effective technique to reduce memory footprint, inference latency, and power consumption of deep learning models. However, existing quantization methods suffer from accuracy degradation compared to full-precision (FP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

The compression of deep learning models is of fundamental importance in deploying such models to edge devices. The selection of compression parameters can be automated to meet changes in the hardware platform and application using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Nesma M. Rezk , Tomas Nordström , Dimitrios Stathis , Zain Ul-Abdin , Eren Erdal Aksoy , Ahmed Hemani

Large transformer models have demonstrated remarkable success. Post-training quantization (PTQ), which requires only a small dataset for calibration and avoids end-to-end retraining, is a promising solution for compressing these large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Zhikai Li , Xuewen Liu , Jing Zhang , Qingyi Gu

This work targets the commonly used FPGA (field-programmable gate array) devices as the hardware platform for DNN edge computing. We focus on DNN quantization as the main model compression technique. The novelty of this work is: We use a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Sung-En Chang , Yanyu Li , Mengshu Sun , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Deep neural networks are widely used in machine learning applications. However, the deployment of large neural networks models can be difficult to deploy on mobile devices with limited power budgets. To solve this problem, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Chenzhuo Zhu , Song Han , Huizi Mao , William J. Dally

Deep neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of applications, from natural language processing and computer vision to speech recognition. However, as tasks become increasingly complex, model sizes continue to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Tomer Gafni , Asaf Karnieli , Yair Hanani

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized language processing, delivering outstanding results across multiple applications. However, deploying LLMs on edge devices poses several challenges with respect to memory, energy, and compute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Fuwen Tan , Royson Lee , Łukasz Dudziak , Shell Xu Hu , Sourav Bhattacharya , Timothy Hospedales , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Brais Martinez

Deploying neural networks on the edge has become increasingly important as deep learning is being applied in an increasing amount of applications. At the edge computing hardware typically has limited resources disallowing to run neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Quinten Van Baelen , Peter Karsmakers

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought substantial computational and memory demands, spurring the adoption of low-bit quantization. While 8-bit and 4-bit formats have become prevalent, extending quantization to 2…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiayi Chen , Jieqi Shi , Jing Huo , Chen Wu

A growing trend has emerged in designing high-quality Small Language Models (SLMs) with a few million parameters. This trend is driven by the increasing concerns over cloud costs, privacy, and latency. Considering that full parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xuan Shen , Peiyan Dong , Zhenglun Kong , Yifan Gong , Changdi Yang , Zhaoyang Han , Yanyue Xie , Lei Lu , Cheng Lyu , Chao Wu , Yanzhi Wang , Pu Zhao

As deep learning (DL) is being rapidly pushed to edge computing, researchers invented various ways to make inference computation more efficient on mobile/IoT devices, such as network pruning, parameter compression, and etc. Quantization, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Tao Sheng , Chen Feng , Shaojie Zhuo , Xiaopeng Zhang , Liang Shen , Mickey Aleksic

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is crucial for efficient model deployment, yet its effectiveness on Ascend NPU remains under-explored compared to GPU architectures. This paper presents a case study of representative PTQ baselines applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuchen Luo , Fangyue Zhu , Ruining Zhou , Mingzhe Huang , Jian Zhu , Fanyu Fan , Wei Shao

Network quantization is an effective solution to compress deep neural networks for practical usage. Existing network quantization methods cannot sufficiently exploit the depth information to generate low-bit compressed network. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Yuhui Xu , Yongzhuang Wang , Aojun Zhou , Weiyao Lin , Hongkai Xiong

While neural networks have advanced the frontiers in many applications, they often come at a high computational cost. Reducing the power and latency of neural network inference is key if we want to integrate modern networks into edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Markus Nagel , Marios Fournarakis , Rana Ali Amjad , Yelysei Bondarenko , Mart van Baalen , Tijmen Blankevoort

Model reparameterization is a widely accepted technique for improving inference speed without compromising performance. However, current Post-training Quantization (PTQ) methods often lead to significant accuracy degradation when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Luoming Zhang , Yefei He , Wen Fei , Zhenyu Lou , Weijia Wu , YangWei Ying , Hong Zhou

Layer-wise quantization is a key technique for efficiently compressing large models without expensive retraining. Previous methods typically quantize the weights of each layer by "uniformly" optimizing the layer reconstruction loss across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yi-Lin Sung , Prateek Yadav , Jialu Li , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal