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Tensor networks are powerful factorization techniques which reduce resource requirements for numerically simulating principal quantum many-body systems and algorithms. The computational complexity of a tensor network simulation depends on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Eugene F. Dumitrescu , Allison L. Fisher , Timothy D. Goodrich , Travis S. Humble , Blair D. Sullivan , Andrew L. Wright

We propose the generalized Newton's method (GeN) -- a Hessian-informed approach that applies to any optimizer such as SGD and Adam, and covers the Newton-Raphson method as a sub-case. Our method automatically and dynamically selects the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhiqi Bu , Shiyun Xu

In this work, we propose an optimization algorithm which we call norm-adapted gradient descent. This algorithm is similar to other gradient-based optimization algorithms like Adam or Adagrad in that it adapts the learning rate of stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 David Sprunger

Differentiable programming is a fresh programming paradigm which composes parameterized algorithmic components and trains them using automatic differentiation (AD). The concept emerges from deep learning but is not only limited to training…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-09-11 Hai-Jun Liao , Jin-Guo Liu , Lei Wang , Tao Xiang

The best performing Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are usually attained using Adam optimization and its multi-step training variants. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies explore the fundamental reasons why Adam is superior to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Shichao Li , Koen Helwegen , Dong Huang , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Gradient based optimization methods are the established state-of-the-art paradigm to study strongly entangled quantum systems in two dimensions with Projected Entangled Pair States. However, the key ingredient, the gradient itself, has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Anna Francuz , Norbert Schuch , Bram Vanhecke

Differentiable programming is a new programming paradigm which enables large scale optimization through automatic calculation of gradients also known as auto-differentiation. This concept emerges from deep learning, and has also been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Chenhua Geng , Hong-Ye Hu , Yijian Zou

Recent theoretical works based on the neural tangent kernel (NTK) have shed light on the optimization and generalization of over-parameterized networks, and partially bridge the gap between their practical success and classical learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Kyung-Su Kim , Aurélie C. Lozano , Eunho Yang

This paper proposes a conjugate-gradient-based Adam algorithm blending Adam with nonlinear conjugate gradient methods and shows its convergence analysis. Numerical experiments on text classification and image classification show that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-04 Yu Kobayashi , Hideaki Iiduka

Due to its simplicity and outstanding ability to generalize, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is still the most widely used optimization method despite its slow convergence. Meanwhile, adaptive methods have attracted rising attention of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Xunpeng Huang , Runxin Xu , Hao Zhou , Zhe Wang , Zhengyang Liu , Lei Li

Within the current sphere of deep learning research, despite the extensive application of optimization algorithms such as Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam), there remains a pronounced inadequacy in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhifeng Wang , Longlong Li , Chunyan Zeng

The Adam optimizer is widely used for transformer optimization in practice, which makes understanding the underlying optimization mechanisms an important problem. However, due to the Adam's complexity, theoretical analysis of how it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Bingrui Li , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Zhanpeng Zhou , Taiji Suzuki , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

This paper deals with nonconvex stochastic optimization problems in deep learning and provides appropriate learning rates with which adaptive learning rate optimization algorithms, such as Adam and AMSGrad, can approximate a stationary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Hideaki Iiduka

Despite the vast empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of adaptive optimization methods in deep learning, their theoretical understanding is far from complete. This work introduces novel SDEs for commonly used adaptive optimizers:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Enea Monzio Compagnoni , Tianlin Liu , Rustem Islamov , Frank Norbert Proske , Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi

Tensor networks have demonstrated significant value for machine learning in a myriad of different applications. However, optimizing tensor networks using standard gradient descent has proven to be difficult in practice. Tensor networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Fergus Barratt , James Dborin , Lewis Wright

In stochastic optimization, a common tool to deal sequentially with large sample is to consider the well-known stochastic gradient algorithm. Nevertheless, since the stepsequence is the same for each direction, this can lead to bad results…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Pierre Tarrago

Deep learning methods - usually consisting of a class of deep neural networks (DNNs) trained by a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method - are nowadays omnipresent in data-driven learning problems as well as in scientific…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

Neural network training can be accelerated when a learnable update rule is used in lieu of classic adaptive optimizers (e.g. Adam). However, learnable update rules can be costly and unstable to train and use. Recently, Jang et al. (2023)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Boris Knyazev , Abhinav Moudgil , Guillaume Lajoie , Eugene Belilovsky , Simon Lacoste-Julien

In deep learning, different kinds of deep networks typically need different optimizers, which have to be chosen after multiple trials, making the training process inefficient. To relieve this issue and consistently improve the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xingyu Xie , Pan Zhou , Huan Li , Zhouchen Lin , Shuicheng Yan

Implicit bias induced by gradient-based algorithms is essential to the generalization of overparameterized models, yet its mechanisms can be subtle. This work leverages the Normalized Steepest Descent} (NSD) framework to investigate how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shengping Xie , Zekun Wu , Quan Chen , Kaixu Tang