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Bayesian inference is a powerful paradigm for quantum state tomography, treating uncertainty in meaningful and informative ways. Yet the numerical challenges associated with sampling from complex probability distributions hampers Bayesian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-04 Joseph M. Lukens , Kody J. H. Law , Ajay Jasra , Pavel Lougovski

We study the problem of estimating the mode and maximum of an unknown regression function in the presence of noise. We adopt the Bayesian approach by using tensor-product B-splines and endowing the coefficients with Gaussian priors. In the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-16 William Weimin Yoo , Subhashis Ghosal

By using a systematic optimization approach we determine quantum states of light with definite photon number leading to the best possible precision in optical two mode interferometry. Our treatment takes into account the experimentally…

Bayesian quantum estimation provides a robust framework for quantum technologies, especially in scenarios with limited data and minimal prior information. Yet, its application to continuous-variable Gaussian systems has remained limited and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Edward Gandar , Jesús Rubio

A major roadblock for large-scale photonic quantum technologies is the lack of practical reliable certification tools. We introduce an experimentally friendly - yet mathematically rigorous - certification test for experimental preparations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-03 L. Aolita , C. Gogolin , M. Kliesch , J. Eisert

This paper considers the problem of computing Bayesian estimates of both states and model parameters for nonlinear state-space models. Generally, this problem does not have a tractable solution and approximations must be utilised. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-15 Jarrad Courts , Johannes Hendriks , Adrian Wills , Thomas Schön , Brett Ninness

We investigate schemes for Hamiltonian parameter estimation of a two-level system using repeated measurements in a fixed basis. The simplest (Fourier based) schemes yield an estimate with a mean square error (MSE) that decreases at best as…

Many researches proposed the use of the noon state as the input state for phase estimation, which is one topic of quantum metrology. This is because the input noon state provides the maximum Fisher information at the specific point.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-24 Masahito Hayashi

Quantum state tomography, aimed at deriving a classical description of an unknown state from measurement data, is a fundamental task in quantum physics. In this work, we analyse the ultimate achievable performance of tomography of…

We study the precise phase estimation using squeezed states with photon losses present. Our exact quantum Fisher information calculation shows significant quantum enhancement and thus reveals the benchmark for practical quantum metrology in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-13 Xiao-Xiao Zhang , Yu-Xiang Yang , Xiang-Bin Wang

We analyze the ultimate bounds on the phase sensitivity of an interferometer, given the constraint that the state input to the interferometer's initial 50:50 beamsplitter $B$ is a product state of the two input modes. Requiring a product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-17 Matthias D. Lang , Carlton M. Caves

A basic building block of many quantum algorithms is the Phase Estimation algorithm (PEA). It estimates an eigenphase $\phi$ of a unitary operator $U$ using a copy of the corresponding eigenstate $|\phi\rangle$. Suppose, in place of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-21 Avatar Tulsi

Bayesian methods have been very successful in quantifying uncertainty in physics-based problems in parameter estimation and prediction. In these cases, physical measurements y are modeled as the best fit of a physics-based model…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-02-06 Dave Higdon , Jordan D. McDonnell , Nicolas Schunck , Jason Sarich , Stefan M. Wild

The scalable preparation of bosonic quantum states with macroscopic excitations poses a fundamental challenge in quantum technologies, limited by control complexity and photon-loss rates that severely constrain prior theoretical and…

Continuous-variable (CV) photonic states are of increasing interest in quantum information science, bolstered by features such as deterministic resource state generation and error correction via bosonic codes. Data-efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-22 Joseph C. Chapman , Joseph M. Lukens , Bing Qi , Raphael C. Pooser , Nicholas A. Peters

Experimental data in Particle and Nuclear physics, Particle Astrophysics and Radiation Protection Dosimetry are obtained from experimental facilities comprising a complex array of sensors, electronics and software. Computer simulation is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-03-06 Nikolay D. Gagunashvili

Phase estimation is a major mission in quantum metrology, especially in quantum interferometry. A full phase estimation scheme usually includes the optimal probe state and measurement. For the finite-dimensional states in Fock basis, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Jin-Feng Qin , Yuqian Xu , Jing Liu

Several Bayesian estimation based heuristics have been developed to perform quantum state tomography (QST). Their ability to quantify uncertainties using region estimators and include a priori knowledge of the experimentalists makes this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-16 Syed Muhammad Kazim , Ahmad Farooq , Junaid ur Rehman , Hyundong Shin

The problem of measuring a time-varying phase, even when the statistics of the variation is known, is considerably harder than that of measuring a constant phase. In particular, the usual bounds on accuracy - such as the $1/(4\bar{n})$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-01 Kiarn T. Laverick , Howard M. Wiseman , Hossien T. Dinani , Dominic W. Berry

Bayesian analysis is a framework for parameter estimation that applies even in uncertainty regimes where the commonly used local (frequentist) analysis based on the Cram\'er-Rao bound is not well defined. In particular, it applies when no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Simon Morelli , Ayaka Usui , Elizabeth Agudelo , Nicolai Friis