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The recent large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, have been able to generate human-like and fluent responses when provided with specific instructions. While admitting the convenience brought by technological advancement, educators…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Zijie Zeng , Lele Sha , Yuheng Li , Kaixun Yang , Dragan Gašević , Guanliang Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have opened up enormous opportunities while simultaneously posing ethical dilemmas. One of the major concerns is their ability to create text that closely mimics human writing, which can lead to potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Zhen Guo , Shangdi Yu

The rapid progress of large language models has enabled the generation of text that closely resembles human writing, creating challenges for authenticity verification in education, publishing, and digital security. Detecting AI-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Michał Gromadzki , Anna Wróblewska , Agnieszka Kaliska

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking innovation in the realm of question-answering and conversational agents. These models, leveraging different deep learning architectures such as Transformers, are trained on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Fardin Ahsan Sakib , Saadat Hasan Khan , A. H. M. Rezaul Karim

Recent releases of Large Language Models (LLMs), e.g. ChatGPT, are astonishing at generating human-like texts, but they may impact the authenticity of texts. Previous works proposed methods to detect these AI-generated texts, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yuchuan Tian , Hanting Chen , Xutao Wang , Zheyuan Bai , Qinghua Zhang , Ruifeng Li , Chao Xu , Yunhe Wang

The powerful ability to understand, follow, and generate complex language emerging from large language models (LLMs) makes LLM-generated text flood many areas of our daily lives at an incredible speed and is widely accepted by humans. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Yulin Yuan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revo lutionized natural language processing Natural Language Processing (NLP), with Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) standing out as a notable exampledue to its advanced capabilities and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Azim Akhtarshenas , Afshin Dini , Navid Ayoobi

Developing high-performing dialogue systems benefits from the automatic identification of undesirable behaviors in system responses. However, detecting such behaviors remains challenging, as it draws on a breadth of general knowledge and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Sarah E. Finch , Ellie S. Paek , Jinho D. Choi

This paper explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) and in particular ChatGPT in programming, source code analysis, and code generation. LLMs and ChatGPT are built using machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Ahmed R. Sadik , Antonello Ceravola , Frank Joublin , Jibesh Patra

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has made the detection of AI-Generated text a pressing and complex challenge. Although many detection systems report high benchmark accuracy, their reliability in real-world settings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shushanta Pudasaini , Luis Miralles-Pechuán , David Lillis , Marisa Llorens Salvador

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, especially Large Language Models (LLMs), have started gaining popularity among researchers and software developers for generating source code. However, LLMs have been shown to generate code with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hyunjae Suh , Mahan Tafreshipour , Jiawei Li , Adithya Bhattiprolu , Iftekhar Ahmed

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has ushered in an era where AI-generated text is increasingly indistinguishable from human-generated content. Detecting AI-generated text has become imperative to combat misinformation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ye Zhang , Qian Leng , Mengran Zhu , Rui Ding , Yue Wu , Jintong Song , Yulu Gong

This study explores the integration of a representative large language model, ChatGPT, into lending decision-making with a focus on credit default prediction. Specifically, we use ChatGPT to analyse and interpret loan assessments written by…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-25 Zongxiao Wu , Yizhe Dong , Yaoyiran Li , Baofeng Shi

This article gives an overview of the field of LLM text recognition. Different approaches and implemented detectors for the recognition of LLM-generated text are presented. In addition to discussing the implementations, the article focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Thorsten Pröhl , Erik Putzier , Rüdiger Zarnekow

Detecting text generated by large language models (LLMs) is of great recent interest. With zero-shot methods like DetectGPT, detection capabilities have reached impressive levels. However, the reliability of existing detectors in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Junchao Wu , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Shu Yang , Xinyi Yang , Yulin Yuan , Lidia S. Chao

In recent years, large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have been pivotal in advancing various artificial intelligence applications, including natural language processing and software engineering. A promising yet underexplored area…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Hiroyuki Kirinuki , Haruto Tanno

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved human-level text generation, emphasizing the need for effective AI-generated text detection to mitigate risks like the spread of fake news and plagiarism. Existing research has been constrained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yafu Li , Qintong Li , Leyang Cui , Wei Bi , Zhilin Wang , Longyue Wang , Linyi Yang , Shuming Shi , Yue Zhang

In recent years, large language models have been responsible for great advances in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). ChatGPT in particular, an AI chatbot developed and recently released by OpenAI, has taken the field to the next…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Raphaël Khoury , Anderson R. Avila , Jacob Brunelle , Baba Mamadou Camara

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models has significantly increased the difficulty of distinguishing between human-written and AI generated texts, raising critical issues across academic, editorial, and social domains. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Cristian Buttaro , Irene Amerini

The growing capability of large language models to produce fluent, contextually coherent text has created mounting pressure on the systems and institutions responsible for ensuring the authenticity of digital content. Advanced generative…