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We introduce the first continuous-time score-based generative model that leverages fractional diffusion processes for its underlying dynamics. Although diffusion models have excelled at capturing data distributions, they still suffer from…

The application of supervised models to clinical screening tasks is challenging due to the need for annotated data for each considered pathology. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is an alternative approach that aims to identify any…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Robin Mieling , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Diffusion models (DMs) have emerged as powerful generative models for solving inverse problems, offering a good approximation of prior distributions of real-world image data. Typically, diffusion models rely on large-scale clean signals to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yifei Wang , Weimin Bai , Weijian Luo , Wenzheng Chen , He Sun

Decoding visual stimuli from neural responses recorded by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) presents an intriguing intersection between cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, promising advancements in understanding human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingyuan Sun , Mingxiao Li , Zijiao Chen , Yunhao Zhang , Shaonan Wang , Marie-Francine Moens

Ultrasound is a widely accessible and cost-effective medical imaging tool commonly used for prenatal evaluation of the fetal brain. However, it has limitations, particularly in the third trimester, where the complexity of the fetal brain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Naomi Silverstein , Efrat Leibowitz , Ron Beloosesky , Haim Azhari

Solving inverse problems -- recovering signals from incomplete or noisy measurements -- is fundamental in science and engineering. Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for this task. Two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bartlomiej Sobieski , Matthew Tivnan , Yuang Wang , Siyeop Yoon , Pengfei Jin , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li , Przemyslaw Biecek

Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using functional connectivity (FC) analysis requires large amounts of labeled data that are scarce in clinical settings. Existing augmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Muhammad Asif Hasan , Yanming Zhu , Xuefei Yin , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Blind face restoration endeavors to restore a clear face image from a degraded counterpart. Recent approaches employing Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) as priors have demonstrated remarkable success in this field. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xiaobin Lu , Xiaobin Hu , Jun Luo , Ben Zhu , Yaping Ruan , Wenqi Ren

Three-dimensional microscopy is often limited by anisotropic spatial resolution, resulting in lower axial resolution than lateral resolution. Current State-of-The-Art (SoTA) isotropic reconstruction methods utilizing deep neural networks…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-22 Mingjie Pan , Yulu Gan , Fangxu Zhou , Jiaming Liu , Aimin Wang , Shanghang Zhang , Dawei Li

Blind face restoration (BFR) is important while challenging. Prior works prefer to exploit GAN-based frameworks to tackle this task due to the balance of quality and efficiency. However, these methods suffer from poor stability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Xinmin Qiu , Congying Han , Zicheng Zhang , Bonan Li , Tiande Guo , Xuecheng Nie

Purpose: To accelerate MRI acquisition by incorporating the previous scans of a subject during reconstruction. Although longitudinal imaging constitutes much of clinical MRI, leveraging previous scans is challenging due to the complex…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Yonatan Urman , Zachary Shah , Ashwin Kumar , Bruno P. Soares , Kawin Setsompop

In vivo cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) is a promising Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique for evaluating the micro-structure of myocardial tissue in the living heart, providing insights into cardiac function and enabling the…

Deep neural networks trained with Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) perform well when both training and test data come from the same domain, but they often fail to generalize to out-of-distribution samples. In image classification, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Aryan Yazdan Parast , Basim Azam , Naveed Akhtar

While Bayesian inference provides a principled framework for reasoning under uncertainty, its widespread adoption is limited by the intractability of exact posterior computation, necessitating the use of approximate inference. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 George Whittle , Juliusz Ziomek , Jacob Rawling , Maike A. Osborne

Computed tomography (CT) is a cornerstone imaging modality for non-invasive, high-resolution visualization of internal anatomical structures. However, when the scanned object exceeds the scanner's field of view (FOV), projection data are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Zhenhao Li , Song Ni , Long Yang , Xiaojie Yin , Haijun Yu , Jiazhou Wang , Hongbin Han , Weigang Hu , Yixing Huang

Image restoration aims to recover high-quality images from degraded observations. When the degradation process is known, the recovery problem can be formulated as an inverse problem, and in a Bayesian context, the goal is to sample a clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Darshan Thaker , Abhishek Goyal , René Vidal

The audio denoising technique has captured widespread attention in the deep neural network field. Recently, the audio denoising problem has been converted into an image generation task, and deep learning-based approaches have been applied…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Junhui Li , Pu Wang , Jialu Li , Youshan Zhang

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is an advanced neuroimaging method that enables in-depth analysis of brain activity by measuring dynamic changes in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hwa Hui Tew , Junn Yong Loo , Yee-Fan Tan , Xinyu Tang , Hernando Ombao , Fuad Noman , Raphael C. -W. Phan , Chee-Ming Ting

In multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), compressed sensing theory can accelerate imaging by sampling fewer measurements within each contrast. The conventional optimization-based models suffer several limitations: strict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Liyan Sun , Zhiwen Fan , Yue Huang , Xinghao Ding , John Paisley

Diffusion Models (DMs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in content generation without requiring adversarial training. These models are trained using a two-step process. First, a forward - diffusion - process gradually adds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Anwaar Ulhaq , Naveed Akhtar