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Gaussian graphical models are parametric statistical models for jointly normal random variables whose dependence structure is determined by a graph. In previous work, we introduced trek separation, which gives a necessary and sufficient…
In a recent experiment, the out-of-plane surface susceptibility of a single-layer two-dimensional atom crystal in the visible spectrum has been measured. This susceptibility gives a measurable contribution to the reflectivity of…
Symmetry is one of the most general and useful concepts in physics. A theory or a system that has a symmetry is fundamentally constrained by it. The same constraints do not apply when the symmetry is broken. The quantitative determination…
A main goal in lattice theory is the construction of dense lattices. Most of the remarkable dense lattices in small dimensions have an additional symmetry, they are modular, i.e. similar to their dual lattice. Extremal lattices are densest…
The biduality and reflexivity theorems are known to hold for projective varieties defined over fields of characteristic zero, and to fail in positive characteristic. In this article, we construct a notion of reflexivity and biduality in…
A lattice is called well-rounded if its minimal vectors span the corresponding Euclidean space. In this paper we completely describe well-rounded full-rank sublattices of ${\mathbb Z}^2$, as well as their determinant and minima sets. We…
We formulate a general set of consistency requirements, which are expected to be satisfied by the scattering matrices in the presence of reflecting boundaries. In particular we derive an equivalent to the boostrap equation involving the…
We give a concrete sufficient condition for a simply-connected domain to be the image of the unit disk under a nonexpansive conformal map. This class of domains is also characterized by having sufficiently dense harmonic measure. The…
Positivity bounds on scattering amplitudes provide a necessary condition for a low-energy effective field theory to have a consistent ultraviolet completion. Their extension to gravity theories has been studied in the past years aiming at…
The paper treats density measures as typical examples of finitely additive measures in $\mathbb{R}^n$. We study their structure and derive basic properties. In addition, estimates for related integrals are provided. The results are applied…
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for both square integrability and smoothness for densities of a probability measure on a compact connected Lie group.
The density matrix yields probabilistic information about the outcome of measurements on a quantum system, but it does not distinguish between classical randomness in the preparation of the system and entanglement with its environment.…
We consider limits of certain measures supported on lattice points in lattice polyhedra defined as the intersection of half-spaces $\{m\in\mathbb{R}^n|\langle v_i,x\rangle+a_i \geq 0\}$, where $\sum_i v_i = 0$. The measures are densities…
This paper introduces the order-theoretic concept of lattices along with the concept of consistent quantification where lattice elements are mapped to real numbers in such a way that preserves some aspect of the order-theoretic structure.…
We consider the following question: Which real sequences (a(n)) that satisfy a linear recurrence with constant coefficients are positive for sufficiently large n? We show that the answer is negative for both (a(n)) and (-a(n)), if the…
Gravitational lensing has become one of the most interesting tools to study the mass distribution in the Universe. Since gravitational light deflection is independent of the nature and state of the matter, it is ideally suited to…
Let $M$ be a finitely generated module over a ring $\Lambda$. With certain mild assumptions on $\Lambda$, it is proven that $M$ is a reflexive $\Lambda$-module, once $M \cong M^{**}$ as a $\Lambda$-module.
In this paper we prove that the cone $\PPD$ of positive, positive definite, discrete and strong almost periodic measures has an interesting property: given any positive and positive definite measure $\mu$ smaller than some measure in…
Bayesian hypothesis testing is re-examined from the perspective of an a priori assessment of the test statistic distribution under the alternative. By assessing the distribution of an observable test statistic, rather than prior parameter…
We introduce a class of metamaterials with uniformly balanced gain and loss associated with complex permittivity and permeability constants. The refractive index of such a balanced pseudo-passive metamaterial is real. An unbounded uniform…