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To tackle combinatorial optimization problems using an Ising machine, the objective function and constraints must be mapped onto a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) model. While QUBO involves binary variables, combinatorial…
Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a standard NP-hard optimization problem. Recently, it has gained renewed interest through quantum computing, as QUBOs directly reduce to the Ising model, on which quantum annealing…
In this paper I propose a new method of encoding discrete variables into Ising model qubits for quantum optimization. The new method is based on the physics of domain walls in one dimensional Ising spin chains. I find that these encodings…
We analyze the method of encoding pairwise interactions of higher-than-binary discrete variables (these models are sometimes referred to as discrete quadratic models) into binary variables based on domain walls on one dimensional Ising…
The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) model has gained prominence in recent years with the discovery that it unifies a rich variety of combinatorial optimization problems. By its association with the Ising problem in…
Ising machines are next-generation computers expected to efficiently sample near-optimal solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. Combinatorial optimization problems are modeled as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO)…
Ising Machines are emerging hardware architectures that efficiently solve NP-Hard combinatorial optimization problems. Generally, combinatorial problems are transformed into quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form, but this…
Exploiting permutation invariance to reduce the exponential scaling of semidefinite programs in quantum information has emerged as a powerful computational technique. In this work, we develop a systematic framework for using this reduction…
Quantum annealing is a heuristic algorithm for searching the ground state of an Ising model. Heuristic algorithms aim to obtain near-optimal solutions with a reasonable computation time. Accordingly, many algorithms have so far been…
In the era of quantum computing, the emergence of quantum computers and subsequent advancements have led to the development of various quantum algorithms capable of solving linear equations and eigenvalues, surpassing the pace of classical…
We present a heuristic algorithm designed to solve Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems efficiently. The algorithm, referred to as IC-D2S, leverages a hybrid approach using Ising and classical machines to address very…
As a dedicated quantum device, Ising machines could solve large-scale binary optimization problems in milliseconds. There is emerging interest in utilizing Ising machines to train feedforward neural networks due to the prosperity of…
Quantum computing has emerged as a promising alternative for solving combinatorial optimization problems. The standard approach for encoding optimization problems on quantum processing units (QPUs) involves transforming them into their…
The spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) is a promising optical hardware solver for large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with dense interactions. As the SPIM can represent Ising problems with rank-one coupling matrices,…
In this paper we experimentally test the performance of the recently proposed domain-wall encoding of discrete variables from [Chancellor Quantum Sci. Technol. 4 045004] on Ising model flux qubit quantum annealers. We compare this encoding…
Hard combinatorial optimization problems, often mapped to Ising models, promise potential solutions with quantum advantage but are constrained by limited qubit counts in near-term devices. We present an innovative quantum-inspired framework…
The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization problem (QUBO) has become a unifying model for representing a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems, and for linking a variety of disciplines that face these problems. A new class…
The standard approach to encoding constraints in quantum optimization is the quadratic penalty method. Quadratic penalties introduce additional couplings and energy scales, which can be detrimental to the performance of a quantum optimizer.…
We introduce kernel-QA, a black-box optimization (BBO) method that constructs surrogate models analytically using low-order polynomial kernels within a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) framework, enabling efficient…
Iterative Refinement (IR) is a classical computing technique for obtaining highly precise solutions to linear systems of equations, as well as linear optimization problems. In this paper, motivated by the limited precision of quantum…