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We propose a variational scheme for computing Wasserstein gradient flows. The scheme builds upon the Jordan--Kinderlehrer--Otto framework with the Benamou-Brenier's dynamic formulation of the quadratic Wasserstein metric and adds a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Wuchen Li , Jianfeng Lu , Li Wang

A long-standing goal of reinforcement learning is to acquire agents that can learn on training tasks and generalize well on unseen tasks that may share a similar dynamic but with different reward functions. The ability to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Chengyang Ying , Xinning Zhou , Zhongkai Hao , Hang Su , Songming Liu , Dong Yan , Jun Zhu

Adversarial learning has achieved remarkable performances for unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA). Existing adversarial UDA methods typically adopt an additional discriminator to play the min-max game with a feature extractor. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Lin Chen , Huaian Chen , Zhixiang Wei , Xin Jin , Xiao Tan , Yi Jin , Enhong Chen

Wasserstein distributionally robust control (DRC) recently emerges as a principled paradigm for handling uncertainty in stochastic dynamical systems. However, it constructs data-driven ambiguity sets via uniform distribution shifts before…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Jingyi Wu , Chao Ning , Yang Shi

This paper focuses on the contextual optimization problem where a decision is subject to some uncertain parameters and covariates that have some predictive power on those parameters are available before the decision is made. More…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Zhaoen Li , Maoqi Liu , Zhi-Hai Zhang

Neural networks are composed of multiple layers arranged in a hierarchical structure jointly trained with a gradient-based optimization, where the errors are back-propagated from the last layer back to the first one. At each optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Firas Laakom , Jenni Raitoharju , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

The unequal representation of different groups in a sample population can lead to discrimination of minority groups when machine learning models make automated decisions. To address these issues, fairness-aware machine learning jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Xuan Zhao , Simone Fabbrizzi , Paula Reyero Lobo , Siamak Ghodsi , Klaus Broelemann , Steffen Staab , Gjergji Kasneci

Policy optimization is a core component of reinforcement learning (RL), and most existing RL methods directly optimize parameters of a policy based on maximizing the expected total reward, or its surrogate. Though often achieving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Ruiyi Zhang , Changyou Chen , Chunyuan Li , Lawrence Carin

We propose a novel regularizer to improve the training of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The motivation is that when the discriminator D spreads out its model capacity in the right way, the learning signals given to the generator G…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Yanshuai Cao , Gavin Weiguang Ding , Kry Yik-Chau Lui , Ruitong Huang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks that would trigger misclassification of DNNs but may be imperceptible to human perception. Adversarial defense has been an important way to improve the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Qicheng Wang , Shuhai Zhang , Jiezhang Cao , Jincheng Li , Mingkui Tan , Yang Xiang

Reinforcement learning frameworks have introduced abstractions to implement and execute algorithms at scale. They assume standardized simulator interfaces but are not concerned with identifying suitable task representations. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Michael Schaarschmidt , Kai Fricke , Eiko Yoneki

In the field of modern high-energy physics research, there is a growing emphasis on utilizing deep learning techniques to optimize event simulation, thereby expanding the statistical sample size for more accurate physical analysis.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-16 Chu-Cheng Pan , Xiang Dong , Yu-Chang Sun , Ao-Yan Cheng , Ao-Bo Wang , Yu-Xuan Hu , Hao Cai

We show that several machine learning estimators, including square-root LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection) and regularized logistic regression can be represented as solutions to distributionally robust optimization (DRO)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-22 Jose Blanchet , Yang Kang , Karthyek Murthy

In federated learning, participating clients typically possess non-i.i.d. data, posing a significant challenge to generalization to unseen distributions. To address this, we propose a Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization scheme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Tung-Anh Nguyen , Tuan Dung Nguyen , Long Tan Le , Canh T. Dinh , Nguyen H. Tran

The effects of treatments are often heterogeneous, depending on the observable characteristics, and it is necessary to exploit such heterogeneity to devise individualized treatment rules (ITRs). Existing estimation methods of such ITRs…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-08-09 Daido Kido

While Reinforcement Learning can achieve impressive results for complex tasks, the learned policies are generally prone to fail in downstream tasks with even minor model mismatch or unexpected perturbations. Recent works have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Kang Xu , Yan Ma , Bingsheng Wei , Wei Li

In many real-world scenarios, such as gas leak detection or environmental pollutant tracking, solving the Inverse Source Localization and Characterization problem involves navigating complex, dynamic fields with sparse and noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yiwei Shi , Mengyue Yang , Qi Zhang , Weinan Zhang , Cunjia Liu , Weiru Liu

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) is well-suitedd for solving complex tasks by breaking them down into structured policies. However, HRL agents often struggle with efficient exploration and quick adaptation. To overcome these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Arash Khajooeinejad , Fatemeh Sadat Masoumi , Masoumeh Chapariniya

High-dimensional data often exhibit hierarchical structures in both modes: samples and features. Yet, most existing approaches for hierarchical representation learning consider only one mode at a time. In this work, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ya-Wei Eileen Lin , Ronald R. Coifman , Gal Mishne , Ronen Talmon

Differential dynamic programming (DDP) is a popular technique for solving nonlinear optimal control problems with locally quadratic approximations. However, existing DDP methods are not designed for stochastic systems with unknown…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-18 Astghik Hakobyan , Insoon Yang