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Systems of self-propelled particles are known for their tendency to aggregate and to display swarm behavior. We investigate two model systems, self-propelled rods interacting via volume exclusion, and sinusoidally-beating flagella embedded…

Biological Physics · Physics 2010-09-28 Yingzi Yang , Vincent Marceau , Gerhard Gompper

Collections of simple, self-propelled colloidal particles exhibit complex, emergent dynamical behavior, with promising applications in microrobotics. When confined within a deformable vesicle, self-propelled rods cluster and align,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-28 Sophie Y. Lee , Philipp W. A. Schönhöfer , Sharon C. Glotzer

Active work measures how far the local self-forcing of active particles translates into real motion. Using Population Monte Carlo methods, we investigate large deviations in the active work for repulsive active Brownian disks. Minimizing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-02-12 Takahiro Nemoto , Étienne Fodor , Michael E. Cates , Robert L. Jack , Julien Tailleur

We study the emerging collective states in a simple mechanical model of a dense group of self-propelled polar disks with off-centered rotation, confined within a circular arena. Each disk presents self-alignment towards the sum of contact…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-15 Weizhen Tang , Yating Zheng , Amir Shee , Guozheng Lin , Zhangang Han , Pawel Romanczuk , Cristián Huepe

This study aims to examine experimental conditions in which active particles are forced by their surroundings to move forward and backward in a continuous oscillatory manner. The experimental design is based on using a vibrating…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-02 Denis Horvath , Cyril Slabý , Zoltán Tomori , Andrej Hovan , Pavol Miskovsky , Gregor Bánó

We investigate a trapping mechanism for passive Brownian particles based on mixtures with self-propelled dipolar colloids. Active dipoles, whose magnetic moment is oriented perpendicularly to their propulsion direction, spontaneously form…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-18 Arnaud Compagnie , Nicolas Vandewalle , Eric Opsomer

Understanding the organization of collective motion in biological systems is an ongoing challenge. In this Paper we consider a minimal model of self-propelled particles with variable speed. Inspired by experimental data from schooling fish,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Shradha Mishra , Kolbjørn Tunstrøm , Iain D. Couzin , Cristián Huepe

We derive equations of motion for the mean-squared displacement (MSD) of an active Brownian particle (ABP) in a crowded environment modeled by a dense system of passive Brownian particles, and of a passive tracer particle in a dense…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-07-27 Julian Reichert , Thomas Voigtmann

We study the collective behaviour of an ensemble of coupled motile elements whose interactions depend on time and are alternatively attractive or repulsive. The evolution of interactions is driven by individual internal variables with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Damian H. Zanette , Alexander S. Mikhailov

Mathematical models for systems of interacting agents using simple local rules have been proposed and shown to exhibit emergent swarming behavior. Most of these models are constructed by intuition or manual observations of real phenomena,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-06-04 Graciano Dieck Kattas , Xiao-ke Xu , Michael Small

Using Brownian vibrators, where single particles can undergo Brownian motion under vibration, we experimentally investigated self-organized structures and dynamics of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2d) granular materials with volume fractions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-01-18 Yangrui Chen , Jie Zhang

Active matter composed of self-propelled particles features fascinating self-organization phenomena, spanning from motility-induced phase separation to phototaxis to topological excitations depending on the nature and parameters of the…

Over the course of the recent decades, $N$-body simulations have become a standard tool for quantifying the gravitational perturbations that ensue in planet-forming disks. Within the context of such simulations, massive non-central bodies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Shirui Peng , Konstantin Batygin

An extremely broad and important class of phenomena in nature involves the settling and aggregation of matter under gravitation in fluid systems. Some examples include: sedimenting marine snow particles in lakes and oceans (central to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-05-21 Roberto Camassa , Daniel M. Harris , Robert Hunt , Zeliha Kilic , Richard M. McLaughlin

Combining experiments on active colloids, whose propulsion velocity can be controlled via a feedback loop, and theory of active Brownian motion, we explore the dynamics of an overdamped active particle with a motility that depends…

Together with the universally recognized SIR model, several approaches have been employed to understand the contagious dynamics of interacting particles. Here, Active Brownian particles (ABP) are introduced to model the contagion dynamics…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-03 Ariel Norambuena , Felipe Valencia , Francisca Guzmán-Lastra

Animals living in groups make movement decisions that depend, among other factors, on social interactions with other group members. Our present understanding of social rules in animal collectives is mainly based on empirical fits to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-22 Alfonso Pérez-Escudero , Gonzalo G. de Polavieja

We consider active Brownian particles that intermittently switch between active and inactive states. Such behavior is ubiquitous at all scales, from bacteria to animals and in artificial active systems. We derive exact expressions for key…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-24 Fernando Peruani , Debasish Chaudhuri

In nature, bacterial collectives typically consist of multiple species, which are interacting both biochemically and physically. Nonetheless, past studies on the physical properties of swarming bacteria were focused on axenic (single…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Ajesh Jose , Gil Ariel , Avraham Be'er

Using an additivity property, we study particle-number fluctuations in a system of interacting self-propelled particles, called active Brownian particles (ABPs), which consists of repulsive disks with random self-propulsion velocities. From…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-16 Subhadip Chakraborti , Shradha Mishra , Punyabrata Pradhan