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Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers rely on an array of sophisticated heuristics developed with decades of research to solve large-scale MIP instances encountered in practice. Machine learning offers to automatically construct better…

Finding a better feasible solution in a shorter time is an integral part of solving Mixed Integer Programs. We present a post-hoc method based on Neural Diving to build heuristics more flexibly. We hypothesize that variables with higher…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-16 Taehyun Yoon

Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) is a combinatorial optimization heuristic that starts with an assignment of values for the variables to be optimized, and iteratively improves it by searching a large neighborhood around the current…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Nicolas Sonnerat , Pengming Wang , Ira Ktena , Sergey Bartunov , Vinod Nair

This paper surveys the trend of leveraging machine learning to solve mixed integer programming (MIP) problems. Theoretically, MIP is an NP-hard problem, and most of the combinatorial optimization (CO) problems can be formulated as the MIP.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jiayi Zhang , Chang Liu , Junchi Yan , Xijun Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan

This work introduces a framework to address the computational complexity inherent in Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) models by harnessing the potential of deep learning. By employing deep learning, we construct problem-specific heuristics…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Niki Triantafyllou , Maria M. Papathanasiou

A general framework of unsupervised learning for combinatorial optimization (CO) is to train a neural network (NN) whose output gives a problem solution by directly optimizing the CO objective. Albeit with some advantages over traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Haoyu Wang , Pan Li

Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is a cornerstone of combinatorial optimization, yet solving large-scale instances remains a significant computational challenge. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown promise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tianle Pu , Jianing Li , Yingying Gao , Shixuan Liu , Zijie Geng , Haoyang Liu , Chao Chen , Changjun Fan

Since the 1990s, considerable empirical work has been carried out to train statistical models, such as neural networks (NNs), as learned heuristics for combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. When successful, such an approach eliminates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Orit Davidovich , Shimrit Shtern , Segev Wasserkrug , Nimrod Megiddo

In this work, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model for finding a feasible solution for (mixed) integer programming (MIP) problems. Finding a feasible solution for MIP problems is critical because many successful heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Meng Qi , Mengxin Wang , Zuo-Jun Shen

Recent work has shown potential in using Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers to optimize certain aspects of neural networks (NNs). However the intriguing approach of training NNs with MIP solvers is under-explored.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Tómas Thorbjarnarson , Neil Yorke-Smith

In line with the growing trend of using machine learning to help solve combinatorial optimisation problems, one promising idea is to improve node selection within a mixed integer programming (MIP) branch-and-bound tree by using a learned…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Kaan Yilmaz , Neil Yorke-Smith

The Machine Learning for Combinatorial Optimization (ML4CO) NeurIPS 2021 competition aims to improve state-of-the-art combinatorial optimization solvers by replacing key heuristic components with machine learning models. On the dual task,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Zixuan Cao , Yang Xu , Zhewei Huang , Shuchang Zhou

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is widely employed for modeling combinatorial optimization problems. In practice, similar MILP instances with only coefficient variations are routinely solved, and machine learning (ML) algorithms are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Qingyu Han , Linxin Yang , Qian Chen , Xiang Zhou , Dong Zhang , Akang Wang , Ruoyu Sun , Xiaodong Luo

Solving NP-hard/complete combinatorial problems with neural networks is a challenging research area that aims to surpass classical approximate algorithms. The long-term objective is to outperform hand-designed heuristics for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Dobrik Georgiev , Danilo Numeroso , Davide Bacciu , Pietro Liò

Discrete black-box optimization problems are challenging for model-based optimization (MBO) algorithms, such as Bayesian optimization, due to the size of the search space and the need to satisfy combinatorial constraints. In particular,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-15 Theodore Papalexopoulos , Christian Tjandraatmadja , Ross Anderson , Juan Pablo Vielma , David Belanger

Feasible solutions are crucial for Integer Programming (IP) since they can substantially speed up the solving process. In many applications, similar IP instances often exhibit similar structures and shared solution distributions, which can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Hao Zeng , Jiaqi Wang , Avirup Das , Junying He , Kunpeng Han , Haoyuan Hu , Mingfei Sun

We propose a machine learning approach for quickly solving Mixed Integer Programs (MIP) by learning to prioritize a set of decision variables, which we call pseudo-backdoors, for branching that results in faster solution times.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Aaron Ferber , Jialin Song , Bistra Dilkina , Yisong Yue

Machine learning components commonly appear in larger decision-making pipelines; however, the model training process typically focuses only on a loss that measures accuracy between predicted values and ground truth values. Decision-focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Aaron Ferber , Bryan Wilder , Bistra Dilkina , Milind Tambe

Mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLPs) arise in domains such as energy systems, process engineering, and transportation, and are notoriously difficult to solve at scale due to the interplay of discrete decisions and nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Bo Tang , Elias B. Khalil , Ján Drgoňa

The end-to-end neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) method shows promising performance in solving complex combinatorial optimization problems without the need for expert design. However, existing methods struggle with large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Fu Luo , Xi Lin , Zhenkun Wang , Xialiang Tong , Mingxuan Yuan , Qingfu Zhang
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