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Recently, large language and vision models (LLVMs) have received significant attention and development efforts due to their remarkable generalization performance across a wide range of tasks requiring perception and cognitive abilities. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Young-Jun Lee , Byungsoo Ko , Han-Gyu Kim , Yechan Hwang , Ho-Jin Choi

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of vision-language tasks. However, their performance as embodied agents, which requires multi-round dialogue spatial reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xunyi Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Qi Wu

Low-shot image classification, where training images are limited or inaccessible, has benefited from recent progress on pre-trained vision-language (VL) models with strong generalizability, e.g. CLIP. Prompt learning methods built with VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhaoheng Zheng , Jingmin Wei , Xuefeng Hu , Haidong Zhu , Ram Nevatia

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for Visual Question Answering (VQA) often suffer from dual limitations: knowledge hallucination and insufficient fine-grained visual perception. Crucially, we identify that commonsense graphs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhiyang Li , Ao Ke , Yukun Cao , Xike Xie

$ $The synergy of language and vision models has given rise to Large Language and Vision Assistant models (LLVAs), designed to engage users in rich conversational experiences intertwined with image-based queries. These comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Ashhadul Islam , Md. Rafiul Biswas , Wajdi Zaghouani , Samir Brahim Belhaouari , Zubair Shah

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve human-level performance in various tasks, they continue to face challenges when it comes to effectively tackling multi-step physics reasoning tasks. To identify the shortcomings of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Avinash Anand , Janak Kapuriya , Apoorv Singh , Jay Saraf , Naman Lal , Astha Verma , Rushali Gupta , Rajiv Shah

Despite progress in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), their capacity for visual reasoning is often limited by the binding problem: the failure to reliably associate perceptual features with their correct visual referents. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Amirmohammad Izadi , Mohammad Ali Banayeeanzade , Fatemeh Askari , Ali Rahimiakbar , Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi , Hosein Hasani , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Recent advances achieved by deep learning models rely on the independent and identically distributed assumption, hindering their applications in real-world scenarios with domain shifts. To tackle this issue, cross-domain learning aims at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Shuhao Chen , Yulong Zhang , Weisen Jiang , Jiangang Lu , Yu Zhang

Current pre-trained vison-language models (PVLMs) achieve excellent performance on a range of multi-modal datasets. Recent work has aimed at building multilingual models, and a range of novel multilingual multi-modal datasets have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Hanxu Hu , Frank Keller

Despite the remarkable success of the LLaVA architecture for vision-language tasks, its design inherently struggles to effectively integrate visual features due to the inherent mismatch between text and vision modalities. We tackle this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Dongwan Kim , Viresh Ranjan , Takashi Nagata , Arnab Dhua , Amit Kumar K C

This survey and application guide to multimodal large language models(MLLMs) explores the rapidly developing field of MLLMs, examining their architectures, applications, and impact on AI and Generative Models. Starting with foundational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chia Xin Liang , Pu Tian , Caitlyn Heqi Yin , Yao Yua , Wei An-Hou , Li Ming , Xinyuan Song , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu

With the continuous expansion of Large Language Models (LLMs) and advances in reinforcement learning, LLMs have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities, enabling them to address a wide range of complex problems. Inspired by these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Hongrui Jia , Chaoya Jiang , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) like LLaVA and GPT-4(V) enable general-purpose conversations about images with the language modality. As off-the-shelf MLLMs may have limited capabilities on images from domains like dermatology and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Gaurav Verma , Minje Choi , Kartik Sharma , Jamelle Watson-Daniels , Sejoon Oh , Srijan Kumar

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly focused on "reasoning" ability, a concept with many overlapping definitions in the LLM discourse. We take a more structured approach, distinguishing meta-level reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Nick Ferguson , Alan Bundy , Kwabena Nuamah

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in processing various data structures, including graphs. While previous research has focused on developing textual encoding methods for graph representation, the emergence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Zhiqiang Zhong , Davide Mottin

This paper presents the first-ever study of adapting compressed image latents to suit the needs of downstream vision tasks that adopt Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). MLLMs have extended the success of large language models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Chia-Hao Kao , Cheng Chien , Yu-Jen Tseng , Yi-Hsin Chen , Alessandro Gnutti , Shao-Yuan Lo , Wen-Hsiao Peng , Riccardo Leonardi

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly reshaped the trajectory of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, these LLMs exhibit a notable limitation, as they are primarily adept at processing textual information. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of vision-language tasks, yet their internal processing dynamics remain underexplored. In this work, we introduce a probing framework to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhuoran Yu , Yong Jae Lee

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have exhibited impressive capability. However, recently many deficiencies of MLLMs have been found compared to human intelligence, $\textit{e.g.}$, hallucination. To drive the MLLMs study, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hong Li , Nanxi Li , Yuanjie Chen , Jianbin Zhu , Qinlu Guo , Cewu Lu , Yong-Lu Li

Transformers and vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as dominant architectures in computer vision and multimodal AI, offering state-of-the-art performance in tasks such as image classification, object detection, visual question…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Safa Mohammed Sali , Mahmoud Meribout , Ashiyana Abdul Majeed