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We generalize the classical thermal Mpemba effect (where an initially hot system relaxes faster to the final equilibrium state than a cold one) to open quantum systems coupled to several reservoirs. We show that, in general, two different…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-07 Andrea Nava , Reinhold Egger

The Mpemba effect describes the phenomenon that a system at a hot initial temperature cools faster than at an initial warm temperature in the same environment. Such an anomalous cooling has recently been predicted and realized for trapped…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-28 Isha Malhotra , Hartmut Löwen

The classical Mpemba effect is the counterintuitive phenomenon where hotter water freezes faster than colder water due to the breakdown of Newton's law of cooling after a sudden temperature quench. The genuine nonequilibrium post-quench…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Marco Peluso , Reinhold Egger , Andrea Nava

In this review paper we aim at illustrating recent achievements in anomalous heat diffusion, while highlighting open problems and research perspectives. We briefly recall the main features of the phenomenon for low-dimensional classical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-18 Giuliano Benenti , Stefano Lepri , Roberto Livi

We design optimal harmonic-trap trajectories to transport cold atoms without final excitation, combining an inverse engineering techniqe based on Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants with optimal control theory. Since actual traps are not really…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-08 Xi Chen , E. Torrontegui , Dionisis Stefanatos , Jr-Shin Li , J. G. Muga

Complex and even non-monotonic responses to external control can be found in many thermodynamic systems. In such systems, non-equilibrium shortcuts can rapidly drive the system from an initial state to a desired final state. One example is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-28 Supraja S. Chittari , Zhiyue Lu

In most fluid models the generation mechanism and the magnetide of anomalous transport are usually treated as auxiliary terms external to the model description and are free to manipulate, the anomalous transport is indeed a noticeably…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-10-14 Kuang Wu Lee , Joerg Buechner

We report anomalous heating in a colloidal system, the first observation of the inverse Mpemba effect, where an initially cold system heats up faster than an identical warm system coupled to the same thermal bath. For an overdamped,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-28 Avinash Kumar , Raphael Chetrite , John Bechhoefer

Transport across heterogeneous, patchy environments is a ubiquitous phenomenon spanning fields of study including ecological movement, intracellular transport and regions of specialised function in a cell. These regions or patches may be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-06 Sergei Fedotov , Helena Stage

The Mpemba effect, where a state farther from equilibrium relaxes faster than one closer to it, is a striking phenomenon in both classical and quantum systems. In open quantum systems, however, the quantum Mpemba effect (QME) typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Yaru Liu , Yucheng Wang

Transport and diffusion of heat in one dimensional (1D) nonlinear systems which {\it conserve momentum} is typically thought to proceed anomalously. Notable exceptions, however, exist of which the rotator model is a prominent case.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-05 Yunyun Li , Sha Liu , Nianbei Li , Peter Hanggi , Baowen Li

Slow relaxation processes spanning widely separated timescales pose fundamental challenges for probing steady-state properties and engineering functional quantum systems, such as quantum heat engines and quantum computing devices. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Ruicheng Bao , Zhonghuai Hou

Anomalous thermalization, particularly the crossings of temperature trajectories from different initial states termed Mpemba crossings (MPCs), have intrigued scientists for decades. While recent studies in quantum systems suggest that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Xuanhua Wang , Jie Su , Jin Wang

We investigate the quantum Mpemba effect in the relaxation of open quantum systems whose effective dynamics is described by Davies maps. We present a class of unitary transformations built from permutation matrices that, when applied to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Emerson Lima Caldas , Diego Paiva Pires

We investigate the direct and inverse Mpemba effects within the framework of the time-delayed Newton's law of cooling by introducing and analyzing the Descartes protocol, a three-reservoir thermal scheme in which each sample undergoes a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-09 Andrés Santos

As the temperature of a cooling object decreases as it relaxes to thermal equilibrium, it is intuitively assumed that a hot object should take longer to cool than a warm one. Yet, some 2,300 years ago, Aristotle observed that "to cool hot…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-07 Avinash Kumar , John Bechhoefer

We present a set-oriented graph-based computational framework for continuous-time optimal transport over nonlinear dynamical systems. We recover provably optimal control laws for steering a given initial distribution in phase space to a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-12-21 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Piyush Grover

Quantum Mpemba effect describes an anomalous phenomenon of accelerated relaxation which is of fundamental interest in the field of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Conventional theories on this phenomenon strongly rely on the Born-Markovian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Ze-Zhou Zhang , Hong-Gang Luo , Wei Wu

We investigate the steady-state transport characteristics of a quantum dot system consisting of a single energy level embedded between two reservoirs under the influence of both the temperature gradient and bias voltage. Within tailored…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Yanchao Zhang , Xiaolong Lü

We investigate the quantum Mpemba effect from the perspective of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics by studying relaxation dynamics of quantum systems coupled to a Markovian heat bath, which are described by Davies maps. Starting from a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Mattia Moroder , Oisín Culhane , Krissia Zawadzki , John Goold