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In these notes we will tackle the problem of finding optimal policies for Markov decision processes (MDPs) which are not fully known to us. Our intention is to slowly transition from an offline setting to an online (learning) setting.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Guillermo A. Perez

Recently, we demonstrated success of a time-synchronized state estimator using deep neural networks (DNNs) for real-time unobservable distribution systems. In this letter, we provide analytical bounds on the performance of that state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Behrouz Azimian , Shiva Moshtagh , Anamitra Pal , Shanshan Ma

In this work, we formulate the problem of estimating and selecting task-relevant temporal signal segments from a single EEG trial in the form of a Markov decision process and propose a novel reinforcement-learning mechanism that can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-02 Wonjun Ko , Eunjin Jeon , Heung-Il Suk

Modeling the evolution of system with time-series data is a challenging and critical task in a wide range of fields, especially when the time-series data is regularly sampled and partially observable. Some methods have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Mengbang Zou , Weisi Guo

Our research investigates the challenges Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) faces in complex, Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDP) such as autonomous driving (AD), and proposes a solution for vision-based navigation in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shawan Mohammed , Alp Argun , Nicolas Bonnotte , Gerd Ascheid

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms have achieved great success on sequential decision-making problems, yet is criticized for the lack of data-efficiency and explainability. Especially, explainability of subtasks is critical in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Daoming Lyu

Multi-objective Markov decision processes are a special kind of multi-objective optimization problem that involves sequential decision making while satisfying the Markov property of stochastic processes. Multi-objective reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Sherif Abdelfattah , Kathryn Kasmarik , Jiankun Hu

Non-stationary environments are challenging for reinforcement learning algorithms. If the state transition and/or reward functions change based on latent factors, the agent is effectively tasked with optimizing a behavior that maximizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Bruno C. da Silva

Opponent modeling is necessary in multi-agent settings where secondary agents with competing goals also adapt their strategies, yet it remains challenging because strategies interact with each other and change. Most previous work focuses on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-20 He He , Jordan Boyd-Graber , Kevin Kwok , Hal Daumé

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can use high-capacity deep networks to learn directly from image observations. However, these high-dimensional observation spaces present a number of challenges in practice, since the policy must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Alex X. Lee , Anusha Nagabandi , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

Several self-supervised representation learning methods have been proposed for reinforcement learning (RL) with rich observations. For real-world applications of RL, recovering underlying latent states is crucial, particularly when sensory…

One of the significant challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) when dealing with noise is estimating latent states from observations. Causality provides rigorous theoretical support for ensuring that the underlying states can be uniquely…

Many real-world datasets are time series that are sequentially collected and contain rich temporal information. Thus, a common interest in practice is to capture dynamics of time series and predict their future evolutions. To this end, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Yifan Zhou , Yibo Wang , Chao Shang

The extension of deep learning towards temporal data processing is gaining an increasing research interest. In this paper we investigate the properties of state dynamics developed in successive levels of deep recurrent neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Claudio Gallicchio

Reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable performance in a wide range of tasks these days. Nevertheless, some unsolved problems limit its applications in real-world control. One of them is model misspecification, a situation where an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Lebin Yu , Jian Wang , Xudong Zhang

Neural operators have emerged as powerful tools for learning solution operators of partial differential equations. However, in time-dependent problems, standard training strategies such as teacher forcing introduce a mismatch between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Zaijun Ye , Chen-Song Zhang , Wansheng Wang

We propose a novel cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approach for networked agents. In contrast to previous methods that rely on complete state information or joint observations, our agents must learn how to reach shared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Guilherme S. Varela , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

Deep reinforcement learning has led to numerous notable results in robotics. However, deep neural networks (DNNs) are unintuitive, which makes it difficult to understand their predictions and strongly limits their potential for real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Vilde B. Gjærum , Ella-Lovise H. Rørvik , Anastasios M. Lekkas

A critical component to enabling intelligent reasoning in partially observable environments is memory. Despite this importance, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents have so far used relatively simple memory architectures, with the main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Emilio Parisotto , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

In applications of offline reinforcement learning to observational data, such as in healthcare or education, a general concern is that observed actions might be affected by unobserved factors, inducing confounding and biasing estimates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Andrew Bennett , Nathan Kallus