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Let $x'=S(t,x)$ be a differential equation in the cylinder, linear piecewise in $x$ and with trigonometric coefficients in $t$. In this paper, we provide an upper bound on the number of limit cycles in terms of the number of regions of the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-05-08 J. L. Bravo , R. Trinidad-Forte

We provide an upper bound for the number of limit cycles that planar polynomial differential systems of a given degree may have. The bound turns out to be a polynomial of degree four in the degree of the system. The strategy brings together…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-10-09 Jaume Llibre , Pablo Pedregal

We focus on the second part of Hilbert's 16th problem and provide an upper bound on the number of limit cycles that a polynomial, differential, planar system may have, depending exclusively on the degree $n$ of the system. Such a bound…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Pablo Pedregal

The second part of the Hilbert's sixteenth problem consists in determining the upper bound $\mathcal{H}(n)$ for the number of limit cycles that planar polynomial vector fields of degree $n$ can have. For $n\geq2$, it is still unknown…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Douglas D. Novaes

Cima, Ma\~{n}osas and Villadelprat (J. Differ. Equations, 157, 373--413, 1999) proved that a cubic Hamiltonian system possesses an isochronous center at the origin if and only if its Hamiltonian function can be expressed as…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Jihua Yang

These last years an increasing interest appeared for studying the planar discontinuous piecewise differential systems motivated by the rich applications in modelling real phenomena. One of the difficulties for understanding the dynamics of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-05-11 Claudio A. Buzzi , Yagor Romano Carvalho , Jaume Llibre

We analyze the dynamics of a 4-parameter family of planar ordinary differential equations, given by a polynomial of degree 5 that is equivariant under a symmetry of order 6. We obtain the number of limit cycles as a function of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-10-30 Maria Jesus Álvarez , Isabel Salgado Labouriau , Adrian Calin Murza

In this paper, applying a canonical system with field rotation parameters and using geometric properties of the spirals filling the interior and exterior domains of limit cycles, we solve first the problem on the maximum number of limit…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-03-05 Valery A. Gaiko

In this paper, using geometric properties of the field rotation parameters, we present a solution of Smale's Thirteenth Problem on the maximum number of limit cycles for Li\'{e}nard's polynomial system. We also generalize the obtained…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Valery A. Gaiko

A criterion is obtained for the semi-stability of the isolated singular positive closed solutions, i.e., singular positive limit cycles, of the Abel equation $x'=A(t)x^3+B(t)x^2$, where $A,B$ are smooth functions with two zeros in the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-02-28 J. L. Bravo , M. Fernández , I. Ojeda

In this paper we are concerned with determining lower bounds of the number of limit cycles for piecewise polynomial holomorphic systems with a straight line of discontinuity. We approach this problem with different points of view: study of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Armengol Gasull , Gabriel Rondón , Paulo R. da Silva

For a given natural number $n$, the second part of Hilbert's 16th Problem asks whether there exists a finite upper bound for the maximum number of limit cycles that planar polynomial vector fields of degree $n$ can have. This maximum number…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-15 Claudio A. Buzzi , Douglas D. Novaes

In the weakened 16th Hilbert's Problem one asks for a bound of the number of limit cycles which appear after a polynomial perturbation of a planar polynomial Hamiltonian vector field. It is known that this number is finite for an individual…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marcin Bobienski , Henryk Zoladek

The study of the dynamics of a continuous observable and non-controllable three-dimensional symmetric piecewise linear system with three zones can be reduced to the study of the existence of limit cycles for the piecewise differential…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-10 J. L. Bravo , V. Carmona , M. Fernández , I. Ojeda

The restricted version of the Hilbert 16th problem for quadratic vector fields requires an upper estimate of the number of limit cycles through a vector parameter that characterizes the vector fields considered and the limit cycles to be…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-10-20 Yulij Ilyashenko , Jaume Llibre

Thanks to the interest of many people, a mistake has been found in our way of counting limit cycles. We are working on a new version.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Jaume Llibre , Pablo Pedregal

In this article we study the existence of limit cycles in families of piecewise smooth differential equations having the unit circle as discontinuity region. We consider families presenting singularities of center or saddle type, visible or…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Mayara Duarte de Araujo Caldas , Ricardo Miranda Martins

In this paper, the global qualitative analysis of planar quadratic dynamical systems is established and a new geometric approach to solving Hilbert's Sixteenth Problem in this special case of polynomial systems is suggested. Using geometric…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Valery A. Gaiko

For a polynomial differential system $$\dot{x}=-y+\sum\limits_{i+j=3}\alpha_{i,j}x^iy^j,\quad \dot{y}=x+\sum\limits_{i+j=3}\beta_{i,j}x^iy^j,$$ Pleshkan (Differ. Equations, 1969) proved that the origin is an isochronous center of this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Jihua Yang , Qipeng Zhang

We study the number of limit cycles bifurcating from a piecewise quadratic system. All the differential systems considered are piecewise in two zones separated by a straight line. We prove the existence of 16 crossing limit cycles in this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-10-08 Leonardo P. C. da Cruz , Douglas D. Novaes , Joan Torregrosa
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