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Recent studies introduced biased (degree-dependent) edge percolation as a model for failures in real-life systems. In this work, such process is applied to networks consisting of two types of nodes with edges running only between nodes of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-06-16 Hans Hooyberghs , Bert Van Schaeybroeck , Joseph O. Indekeu

Graph neural networks operate on graph-structured data via exchanging messages along edges. One limitation of this message passing paradigm is the over-squashing problem. Over-squashing occurs when messages from a node's expanded receptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Thomas Christie , Yu He

In this paper we study fundamental connectivity properties of hypergraphs from a graph-theoretic perspective, with the emphasis on cut edges, cut vertices, and blocks. To prepare the ground, we define various types of subhypergraphs, as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-29 M. Amin Bahmanian , Mateja Šajna

In various application areas, networked data is collected by measuring interactions involving some specific set of core nodes. This results in a network dataset containing the core nodes along with a potentially much larger set of fringe…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Ilya Amburg , Jon Kleinberg , Austin R. Benson

Many real-world complex systems are characterized by non-pairwise -- higher-order -- interactions among system's units, and can be effectively modeled as hypergraphs. Directed hypergraphs distinguish between source and target sets within…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-17 Quintino Francesco Lotito , Alberto Vendramini , Alberto Montresor , Federico Battiston

The resilience of a complex interconnected system concerns the size of the macroscopic functioning node clusters after external perturbations based on a random or designed scheme. For a representation of the interconnected systems with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-06-27 Jin-Hua Zhao

Hypergraphs, graph generalizations where edges are conglomerates of $r$ nodes called hyperedges of rank $r\geq 2$, are excellent models to study systems with interactions that are beyond the pairwise level. For hypergraphs, the node degree…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-07-11 Eduardo López

Fractional (hyper-)graph theory is concerned with the specific problems that arise when fractional analogues of otherwise integer-valued (hyper-)graph invariants are considered. The focus of this paper is on fractional edge covers of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Georg Gottlob , Matthias Lanzinger , Reinhard Pichler , Igor Razgon

Multilayer networks are a powerful paradigm to model complex systems, where multiple relations occur between the same entities. Despite the keen interest in a variety of tasks, algorithms, and analyses in this type of network, the problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Edoardo Galimberti , Francesco Bonchi , Francesco Gullo , Tommaso Lanciano

Hypergraphs provide an effective modeling approach for modeling high-order relationships in many real-world datasets. To capture such complex relationships, several hypergraph neural networks have been proposed for learning hypergraph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Rongping Ye , Xiaobing Pei , Haoran Yang , Ruiqi Wang

The k-truss is a type of cohesive subgraphs proposed recently for the study of networks. While the problem of computing most cohesive subgraphs is NP-hard, there exists a polynomial time algorithm for computing k-truss. Compared with k-core…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-05-31 Jia Wang , James Cheng

Hypergraphs have been a powerful tool to represent higher-order interactions, where hyperedges can connect an arbitrary number of nodes. Quantifying the relative importance of nodes and hyperedges in hypergraphs is a fundamental problem in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Qing Xu , Chunmeng Liu , Changjiang Bu , Jihong Shen

The burning and forcing processes are both instances of propagation processes on graphs that are commonly used to model real-world spreading phenomena. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. We first establish a connection between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Aida Abiad , Pax Mallee

The ability of message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) to fit complex functions over graphs is limited as most graph convolutions amplify the same signal across all feature channels, a phenomenon known as rank collapse, and over-smoothing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Andreas Roth , Franka Bause , Nils M. Kriege , Thomas Liebig

Heterogeneous k-core percolation is an extension of a percolation model which has interesting applications to the resilience of networks under random damage. In this model, the notion of node robustness is local, instead of global as in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-03-08 Davide Cellai , James P. Gleeson

A directed acyclic hypergraph is a generalized concept of a directed acyclic graph, where each hyperedge can contain an arbitrary number of tails and heads. Directed hypergraphs can be used to model data flow and execution dependencies in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Merten Popp , Sebastian Schlag , Christian Schulz , Daniel Seemaier

Core-periphery detection is a key task in exploratory network analysis where one aims to find a core, a set of nodes well-connected internally and with the periphery, and a periphery, a set of nodes connected only (or mostly) with the core.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Francesco Tudisco , Desmond J. Higham

Higher-order information is crucial for relational learning in many domains where relationships extend beyond pairwise interactions. Hypergraphs provide a natural framework for modeling such relationships, which has motivated recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Raphael Pellegrin , Lukas Fesser , Melanie Weber

Finding dense substructures in a graph is a fundamental graph mining operation, with applications in bioinformatics, social networks, and visualization to name a few. Yet most standard formulations of this problem (like clique, quasiclique,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Ahmet Erdem Sariyuce , C. Seshadhri , Ali Pinar , Umit V. Catalyurek

The spectral properties of traditional (dyadic) graphs, where an edge connects exactly two vertices, are widely studied in different applications. These spectral properties are closely connected to the structural properties of dyadic…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Hao Tian , Shengmin Jin , Reza Zafarani