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Neural operators serve as fast, data-driven surrogates for scientific modeling but typically rely on a monolithic, single-pass inference procedure that struggles to resolve high-frequency details, a limitation known as spectral bias. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiaotian Liu , Shuyuan Shang , Xiaopeng Wang , Pu Ren , Yaoqing Yang

Accurately predicting the long-term behavior of chaotic systems is crucial for various applications such as climate modeling. However, achieving such predictions typically requires iterative computations over a dense spatiotemporal grid to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Chuwei Wang , Julius Berner , Zongyi Li , Di Zhou , Jiayun Wang , Jane Bae , Anima Anandkumar

Neural Operators (NOs) are a leading method for surrogate modeling of partial differential equations. Unlike traditional neural networks, which approximate individual functions, NOs learn the mappings between function spaces. While NOs have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-01 Keith Poletti , Stella S. R. Offner , Rachel A. Ward

Modern graphics computing units (GPUs) are designed and optimized to perform highly parallel numerical calculations. This parallelism has enabled (and promises) significant advantages, both in terms of energy performance and calculation. In…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Quentin Gallouédec

Learning the mapping between two function spaces has garnered considerable research attention. However, learning the solution operator of partial differential equations (PDEs) remains a challenge in scientific computing. Fourier neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jin Young Shin , Jae Yong Lee , Hyung Ju Hwang

We consider the problem of constructing surrogate operators for parameter-to-solution maps arising from parametric partial differential equations, where repeated forward model evaluations are computationally expensive. We present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Josephine Westermann , Benno Huber , Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry , Jakob Zech

The UNet-enhanced Fourier Neural Operator (UFNO) extends the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) by incorporating a parallel UNet pathway, enabling the retention of both high- and low-frequency components. While UFNO improves predictive accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Alhasan Abdellatif , Hannah P. Menke , Florian Doster , Kamaljit Singh , Ahmed H. Elsheikh

Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) is a powerful and popular operator learning method. However, FNO is mainly used in forward prediction, yet a great many applications rely on solving inverse problems. In this paper, we propose an invertible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Long , Zhitong Xu , Qiwei Yuan , Yin Yang , Shandian Zhe

Traditional optimization methods rely on the use of single-precision floating point arithmetic, which can be costly in terms of memory size and computing power. However, mixed precision optimization techniques leverage the use of both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Basile Lewandowski , Atli Kosson

In solving partial differential equations (PDEs), Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have exhibited notable effectiveness. However, FNO is observed to be ineffective with large Fourier kernels that parameterize more frequencies. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Shaoxiang Qin , Fuyuan Lyu , Wenhui Peng , Dingyang Geng , Ju Wang , Xing Tang , Sylvie Leroyer , Naiping Gao , Xue Liu , Liangzhu Leon Wang

Flexible and accurate interpolation schemes using machine learning could be of great benefit for many use-cases in numerical simulations and post-processing, such as temporal upsampling or storage reduction. In this work, we adapt the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-12 Jonas Pronk , Oliver Porth , Jordy Davelaar

We apply Fourier neural operators (FNOs), a state-of-the-art operator learning technique, to forecast the temporal evolution of experimentally measured velocity fields. FNOs are a recently developed machine learning method capable of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-23 Peter I Renn , Cong Wang , Sahin Lale , Zongyi Li , Anima Anandkumar , Morteza Gharib

We present a Fourier neural operator network, designed to correct dispersion errors in numerical wave simulations. The neural dispersion corrector enables the replacement of a computationally expensive high-accuracy simulation by a less…

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have emerged as leading surrogates for solver operators for various functional problems, yet their stability, generalization and frequency behavior lack a principled explanation. We present a systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Taeyoung Kim

Exploiting low-precision computations has become a standard strategy in deep learning to address the growing computational costs imposed by ever larger models and datasets. However, naively performing all computations in low precision can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Elena Celledoni , Brynjulf Owren , Lars Ruthotto , Tianjiao Nicole Yang

Neural operators have emerged as a powerful, discretization-invariant framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Although established approaches like the Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) have successfully achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Abderrahim Bendahi , Adrien Fradin , Johan Peralez , Julie Digne , Madiha Nadri

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) represent a performance-hungry application. Floating-Point (FP) and custom floating-point-like arithmetic satisfies this hunger. While there is need for speed, inference in DNNs does not seem to have any need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Christoph Lauter , Anastasia Volkova

Neural operators have emerged as powerful tools for learning solution operators of partial differential equations. However, in time-dependent problems, standard training strategies such as teacher forcing introduce a mismatch between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Zaijun Ye , Chen-Song Zhang , Wansheng Wang

Deep learning methods are emerging as popular computational tools for solving forward and inverse problems in traffic flow. In this paper, we study a neural operator framework for learning solutions to nonlinear hyperbolic partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Bilal Thonnam Thodi , Sai Venkata Ramana Ambadipudi , Saif Eddin Jabari

Background: Traumatic brain injury modeling requires integrating volumetric neuroimaging, demographic parameters, and acquisition metadata. Finite element solvers are too computationally expensive for clinical settings. Neural operators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Anusha Agarwal , Dibakar Roy Sarkar , Somdatta Goswami