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Molecular polaritons are hybrid states of photonic and molecular character that form when molecules strongly interact with light. Strong coupling tunes energy levels and importantly, can modify molecular properties (e.g. photoreaction…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Francesca Fassioli , Kyu Hyung Park , Sarah E. Bard , Gregory D. Scholes

A light-matter hybrid quasiparticle, called a polariton, is formed when molecules are strongly coupled to an optical cavity. Recent experiments have shown that polariton chemistry can manipulate chemical reactions. Polariton chemistry is a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-01-11 Xinyang Li , Nicholas Lubbers , Sergei Tretiak , Kipton Barros , Yu Zhang

Recent experimental progress in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics allows to study the regime of strong interaction between quantized light and complex matter systems. Due to the coherent coupling between photons and matter-degrees…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Florian Buchholz

When a collection of quantum emitters interacts with an electromagnetic field, the whole system can enter into the collective strong coupling regime in which hybrid light-matter states, i.e., polaritons can be created. Only a small portion…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 C. Gonzalez-Ballestero , J. Feist , E. Gonzalo-Badia , Esteban Moreno , F. J. Garcia-Vidal

Strong light-matter coupling is a quantum process in which light and matter are coupled together, generating hybridized states. This is similar to the notion of molecular hybridization, but one of the components is light. Here, we utilized…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Jhuma Dutta , Pooja Bhatt , Kuljeet Kaur , Daniel E. Gómez , Jino George

The hybridization of light and matter excitations in the form of polaritons has enabled major advances in understanding and controlling optical nonlinearities. Entering the quantum regime of strong interactions between individual photons…

Coupling between light and material excitations underlies a wide range of optical phenomena. Polaritons are eigenstates of a coupled system with hybridized wave function. Owing to their hybrid composition, polaritons exhibit at the same…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-27 Denis G. Baranov , Christian Schäfer , Maxim V. Gorkunov

Recent experiments have demonstrated that molecular polaritons, hybrid states of light and matter formed by the strong coupling between molecular electronic or vibrational excitations and an optical cavity, can substantially modify the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-07-08 Nguyen Thanh Phuc

Plasmonic nanocavities enable the confinement of molecules and electromagnetic fields within nano-metric volumes. As a consequence, the molecules experience a remarkably strong interaction with the electromagnetic field, to such an extent…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Jacopo Fregoni , Tor S. Haugland , Silvio Pipolo , Tommaso Giovannini , Henrik Koch , Stefano Corni

Controlling matter-light interactions with cavities is of fundamental importance in modern science and technology. It is exemplified in the strong-coupling regime, where matter-light hybrid modes form, with properties controllable via the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Long Zhang , Fengcheng Wu , Shaocong Hou , Zhe Zhang , Yu-Hsun Chou , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Stephen R. Forrest , Hui Deng

Strong light-matter coupling in Fabry-Perot cavities can modify ground-state molecular reactivity, charge and energy transport, while modifications to single-molecule properties have not been observed experimentally. The mechanisms and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Niclas Krupp , Moritz Huber , Cheng Luo , Oriol Vendrell

Light-matter interactions are known to lead to the formation of polariton states through what is called strong coupling, leading to the formation of two hybrid states usually tagged as Upper and Lower Polaritons. Here, we consider a similar…

Light-matter interaction not only plays an instrumental role in characterizing materials' properties via various spectroscopic techniques but also provides a general strategy to manipulate material properties via the design of novel…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Braden M. Weight , Xinyang Li , Yu Zhang

We introduce crystal polaritons, hybrid excitations formed when the collective excitations of a periodic quantum-emitter array strongly couple to the resonant Bloch modes of a metasurface. This realizes a cavity-QED platform in which…

The formation of hybrid light-molecule states (polaritons) offers a new strategy to manipulate the photochemistry of molecules. To fully exploit its potential, one needs to build a toolbox of polaritonic phenomenologies that supplement…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 Jacopo Fregoni , Giovanni Granucci , Emanuele Coccia , Maurizio Persico , Stefano Corni

Recent experiments and theory demonstrate that the the ground state properties and chemical reactivity of molecules can be modified inside an optical cavity. The vibrational strong or ultrastrong coupling results in the formation of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-01 Qi Yu

The ground state of a cavity-electron system in the ultrastrong coupling regime is characterized by the presence of virtual photons. If an electric current flows through this system, the modulation of the light-matter coupling induced by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-16 Mauro Cirio , Nathan Shammah , Neill Lambert , Simone De Liberato , Franco Nori

Intermolecular van der Waals interactions are central to chemical and physical phenomena ranging from biomolecule binding to soft-matter phase transitions. However, there are currently very limited approaches to manipulate van der Waals…

As pioneering experiments have shown, strong vibrational coupling between molecular vibrations and light modes in an optical cavity can significantly alter molecular properties and even affect chemical reactivity. However, the current…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Thomas Schnappinger , Markus Kowalewski

Molecular polaritons are hybrid light-matter states that enable the exploration of potential cavity-modified chemistry. The development of dynamical, first-principles approaches for simulating molecular polaritons is important for…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Millan F. Welman , Tao E. Li , Sharon Hammes-Schiffer