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Black-hole binary (BHB) systems comprise a stellar-mass black hole and a closely orbiting companion star. Matter is transferred from the companion to the black hole, forming an accretion disk, corona and jet structures. The resulting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-27 M. Chauvin , H. -G. Florén , M. Friis , M. Jackson , T. Kamae , J. Kataoka , T. Kawano , M. Kiss , V. Mikhalev , T. Mizuno , N. Ohashi , T. Stana , H. Tajima , H. Takahashi , N. Uchida , M. Pearce

We present results from simultaneous X-ray polarimetric and spectroscopic observations of the bright neutron star low-mass X-ray binary Cyg X-2, performed by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) and the Nuclear Spectroscopic…

The high-energy emission ($400$ keV $- 2$ MeV) of Cygnus X-1 --the most well-studied Galactic black hole-- was recently found to be strongly polarized. The origin of this radiation is still unknown. In this work, we suggest that it is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-17 Florencia L. Vieyro , Gustavo E. Romero , Sylvain Chaty

We report the detection of X-ray polarization in the neutron star low mass X-ray binary Scorpius (Sco) X-1 with PolarLight. The result is energy dependent, with a non-detection in 3-4 keV but a 4$\sigma$ detection in 4-8 keV; it is also…

We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the accreting X-ray pulsar, Hercules X-1, utilizing data from IXPE and NuSTAR. IXPE performed five observations of Her X-1, consisting of three in the Main-on state and two in the Short-on state. Our…

Operational since 2002 on-board the INTEGRAL observatory, the SPI spectrometer can be used to perform polarization measurements in the hard X-ray/soft gamma-ray domain (~ 130 keV - 8 MeV). However, this phenomenon is complex to measure at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 E. Jourdain , J. P. Roques , M. Chauvin , D. J. Clark

We report the results from our timing analysis of 15 RXTE observations of Cygnus X-1 throughout its 1996 spectral transitions. The entire period can be divided into 3 distinct phases: (1) transition from the hard to soft state, (2) soft…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Wei Cui , S. N. Zhang , W. Focke , J. Swank

We report the first detection of the X-ray polarisation of the transient black hole X-ray binary IGRJ17091-3624 taken with the Imaging X-ray polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in March 2025, and present the results of an X-ray spectro-polarimetric…

Context: Cygnus X-1 is a black hole X-ray binary system in which the black hole captures and accretes gas from the strong stellar wind emitted by its supergiant O9.7 companion star. The irradiation of the supergiant star essentially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-20 Emmi Meyer-Hofmeister , B. F. Liu , E. Qiao , Ronald E. Taam

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer is an X-ray observatory measuring the X-ray polarization in the 2-8 keV energy range. Highly sensitive to the system's geometry, X-ray polarization is a unique method to probe the structure of X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-25 M. Brigitte , J. Svoboda

We report on the average and orbital phase-resolved polarization of Cyg X-3 in the hard state during the 2023 Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observational campaign. We find the polarization degree of $ 21.2 \pm 0.4 \% $ and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-16 Romana Mikušincová , Alexandra Veledina , Fabio Muleri , Raul Ciancarella , Andrzej Zdziarski , David A. Green , Michael McCollough , Henric Krawczynski , James F. Steiner , Michal Dovčiak , Varpu Ahlberg , Stefano Bianchi , Alessandro Di Marco , Javier A. García , Adam Ingram , Philip Kaaret , Timothy Kallman , Hu Kun , Fabio La Monaca , Alexander Lange , Vladislav Loktev , Guglielmo Mastroserio , Giorgio Matt , Razieh Emami , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Jakub Podgorný , Juri Poutanen , Ajay Ratheesh , Nicole Rodriguez , Jiří Svoboda , Francesco Tombesi , Francesco Ursini , Iván Agudo , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolò Di Lalla , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P. Marscher , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Michela Negro , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

We report continuous monitoring of Cygnus X-1 in the 1.3 to 200 keV band using ASM/RXTE and BATSE/CGRO for about 200 days from 1996 February 21 to 1996 early September. During this period Cygnus X-1 experienced a hard-to-soft and then a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. N. Zhang , W. Cui , B. A. Harmon , W. S. Paciesas , R. E. Remillard , J. van Paradijs

We conduct a spectro-polarimetric study of the accreting X-ray pulsar Hercules X-1 using observations with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). IXPE monitored the source in three different Epochs, sampling two Main-on and one…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-31 Akash Garg , Divya Rawat , Yash Bhargava , Mariano Méndez , Sudip Bhattacharyya

The black-hole binary Cygnus X-1 was observed for 17 ks with the Suzaku X-ray observatory in 2005 October, while it was in a low/hard state with a 0.7-300 keV luminosity of 4.6 x 10^37 erg/s. The XIS and HXD spectra, spanning 0.7-400 keV,…

Evidence is presented indicating that in the hard state of Cygnus X-1, the coronal mag- netic field might be below equipartition with radiation (suggesting that the corona is not powered by magnetic field dissipation) and that the ion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 Julien Malzac , Renaud Belmont

We report results from simultaneous ASCA and RXTE observations of Cyg X-1 when the source made a rare transition from the hard (= low) state to the soft (= high) state in 1996. These observations together cover a broad energy range ~0.7--50…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Wei Cui , K. Ebisawa , T. Dotani , A. Kubota

We present the results from the RXTE observations of Cygnus X-1 in its high state. In the energy range of 2-200 keV, the observed X-ray spectrum can be described by a model consisting of a soft blackbody component and a broken power-law…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 W. Cui , W. A. Heindl , R. E. Rothschild , S. N. Zhang , K. Jahoda , W. Focke

Spectral variability in different energy bands of X-rays from Cyg X-1 in different states is studied with RXTE observations and time domain approaches. In the hard tail of energy spectrum above $\sim 10$ keV, average peak aligned shots are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. Z. Liu , T. P. Li

The different electron distributions in the hard and soft spectral states (HS and SS) of BH binaries could be caused by kinetic processes and changing because of varying physical conditions in the corona. In presence of a magnetic field in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 Melania Del Santo , Julien Malzac , Renaud Belmont , Laurent Bouchet , Giovanni De Cesare

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed the black hole X-ray binary 4U 1630-47 in the steep power law (or very high) state. The observations reveal a linear polarization degree of the 2-8 keV X-rays of 6.8 +/- 0.2 % at a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-19 Nicole Rodriguez Cavero , Lorenzo Marra , Henric Krawczynski , Michal Dovčiak , Stefano Bianchi , James F. Steiner , Jiri Svoboda , Fiamma Capitanio , Giorgio Matt , Michela Negro , Adam Ingram , Alexandra Veledina , Roberto Taverna , Vladimir Karas , Francesco Ursini , Jakub Podgorný , Ajay Ratheesh , Valery Suleimanov , Romana Mikušincová , Silvia Zane , Philip Kaaret , Fabio Muleri , Juri Poutanen , Christian Malacaria , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Ephraim Gau , Kun Hu , Sohee Chun , Iván Agudo , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolò Di Lalla , Alessandro Di Marco , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. García , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P. Marscher , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Gloria Spandre , Paolo Soffitta , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie