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In the current era of the internet, where social media platforms are easily accessible for everyone, people often have to deal with threats, identity attacks, hate, and bullying due to their association with a cast, creed, gender, religion,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Zaki Mustafa Farooqi , Sreyan Ghosh , Rajiv Ratn Shah

Hateful videos present serious risks to online safety and real-world well-being, necessitating effective detection methods. Although multimodal classification approaches integrating information from several modalities outperform unimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jiangbei Yue , Shuonan Yang , Tailin Chen , Jianbo Jiao , Zeyu Fu

The existing research has primarily focused on text and image-based hate speech detection, video-based approaches remain underexplored. In this work, we introduce a novel dataset, ImpliHateVid, specifically curated for implicit hate speech…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Mohammad Zia Ur Rehman , Anukriti Bhatnagar , Omkar Kabde , Shubhi Bansal , Nagendra Kumar

This paper presents our work for the Violence Inciting Text Detection shared task in the First Workshop on Bangla Language Processing. Social media has accelerated the propagation of hate and violence-inciting speech in society. It is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Saurabh Page , Sudeep Mangalvedhekar , Kshitij Deshpande , Tanmay Chavan , Sheetal Sonawane

Multilingual (or cross-lingual) embeddings represent several languages in a unique vector space. Using a common embedding space enables for a shared semantic between words from different languages. In this paper, we propose to embed images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Maxime Portaz , Hicham Randrianarivo , Adrien Nivaggioli , Estelle Maudet , Christophe Servan , Sylvain Peyronnet

Propaganda spreads the ideology and beliefs of like-minded people, brainwashing their audiences, and sometimes leading to violence. SemEval 2020 Task-11 aims to design automated systems for news propaganda detection. Task-11 consists of two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Rajaswa Patil , Somesh Singh , Swati Agarwal

In order to study online hate speech, the availability of datasets containing the linguistic phenomena of interest are of crucial importance. However, when it comes to specific target groups, for example teenagers, collecting such data may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Stefano Menini , Sara Tonelli

In the day and age of social media, users have become prone to online hate speech. Several attempts have been made to classify hate speech using machine learning but the state-of-the-art models are not robust enough for practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Tashvik Dhamija , Anjum , Rahul Katarya

This paper is a contribution to the Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in Indo-European Languages (HASOC) 2021 shared task. Social media today is a hotbed of toxic and hateful conversations, in various languages. Recent news…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Mehar Bhatia , Tenzin Singhay Bhotia , Akshat Agarwal , Prakash Ramesh , Shubham Gupta , Kumar Shridhar , Felix Laumann , Ayushman Dash

Exploiting social media to spread hate has tremendously increased over the years. Lately, multi-modal hateful content such as memes has drawn relatively more traction than uni-modal content. Moreover, the availability of implicit content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Piush Aggarwal , Pranit Chawla , Mithun Das , Punyajoy Saha , Binny Mathew , Torsten Zesch , Animesh Mukherjee

Memes act as cryptic tools for sharing sensitive ideas, often requiring contextual knowledge to interpret. This makes moderating multimodal memes challenging, as existing works either lack high-quality datasets on nuanced hate categories or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Palash Nandi , Shivam Sharma , Tanmoy Chakraborty

With the spreading of hate speech on social media in recent years, automatic detection of hate speech is becoming a crucial task and has attracted attention from various communities. This task aims to recognize online posts (e.g., tweets)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Jiaxuan Li , Yue Ning

Large Language Models (LLMs) have raised increasing concerns about their misuse in generating hate speech. Among all the efforts to address this issue, hate speech detectors play a crucial role. However, the effectiveness of different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Xinyue Shen , Yixin Wu , Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Savvas Zannettou , Yang Zhang

Detection of hate speech has been formulated as a standalone application of NLP and different approaches have been adopted for identifying the target groups, obtaining raw data, defining the labeling process, choosing the detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Vitthal Bhandari

The proliferation of hate speech on social media poses a significant threat to online communities, requiring effective detection systems. While deep learning models have shown promise, their performance often deteriorates in few-shot or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhenkai Qin , Dongze Wu , Yuxin Liu , Guifang Yang

The proliferation of online hate speech poses a significant threat to the harmony of the web. While explicit hate is easily recognized through overt slurs, implicit hate speech is often conveyed through sarcasm, irony, stereotypes, or coded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Chengshuai Zhao , Shu Wan , Paras Sheth , Karan Patwa , K. Selçuk Candan , Huan Liu

Detecting humor is a challenging task since words might share multiple valences and, depending on the context, the same words can be even used in offensive expressions. Neural network architectures based on Transformer obtain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Răzvan-Alexandru Smădu , Dumitru-Clementin Cercel , Mihai Dascalu

The focus of this survey is on the analysis of two modalities of multimodal deep learning: image and text. Unlike classic reviews of deep learning where monomodal image classifiers such as VGG, ResNet and Inception module are central…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Wei Chen , Weiping Wang , Li Liu , Michael S. Lew

The detection of offensive, hateful and profane language has become a critical challenge since many users in social networks are exposed to cyberbullying activities on a daily basis. In this paper, we present an analysis of combining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Sherzod Hakimov , Ralph Ewerth

With the online proliferation of hate speech, there is an urgent need for systems that can detect such harmful content. In this paper, We present the machine learning models developed for the Automatic Misogyny Identification (AMI) shared…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Punyajoy Saha , Binny Mathew , Pawan Goyal , Animesh Mukherjee