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The traditional kernel density estimator of an unknown density is by construction completely nonparametric, in the sense that it has no preferences and will work reasonably well for all shapes. The present paper develops a class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-05 Nils Lid Hjort , Ingrid Kristine Glad

We develop a kernel-based approach for estimating the spatially varying Sobolev regularity~$s$ of an unknown $d$-variate function~$f$ from scattered sampling data, which quantifies the degree of local differentiability supported by the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Xiaobin Li , Leevan Ling , Yizhong Sun

Random smoothing data augmentation is a unique form of regularization that can prevent overfitting by introducing noise to the input data, encouraging the model to learn more generalized features. Despite its success in various…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-15 Liang Ding , Tianyang Hu , Jiahang Jiang , Donghao Li , Wenjia Wang , Yuan Yao

We study the estimation, in Lp-norm, of density functions defined on [0,1]^d. We construct a new family of kernel density estimators that do not suffer from the so-called boundary bias problem and we propose a data-driven procedure based on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-29 Karine Bertin , Salima El Kolei , Nicolas Klutchnikoff

We consider a semiparametric convolution model. We observe random variables having a distribution given by the convolution of some unknown density $f$ and some partially known noise density $g$. In this work, $g$ is assumed exponentially…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-10-03 Cristina Butucea , Catherine Matias , Christophe Pouet

In this paper, we propose to use the general $L^2$-based Sobolev norms, i.e., $H^s$ norms where $s\in \mathbb{R}$, to measure the data discrepancy due to noise in image processing tasks that are formulated as optimization problems. As…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Bowen Zhu , Jingwei Hu , Yifei Lou , Yunan Yang

This paper introduces a novel anomaly detection framework that combines the robust statistical principles of density-estimation-based anomaly detection methods with the representation-learning capabilities of deep learning models. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Joseph Gallego-Mejia , Oscar Bustos-Brinez , Fabio A. González

By selecting different filter functions, spectral algorithms can generate various regularization methods to solve statistical inverse problems within the learning-from-samples framework. This paper combines distributed spectral algorithms…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-18 Jiading Liu , Lei Shi

We propose a modified density estimation problem that is highly effective for detecting anomalies in tabular data. Our approach assumes that the density function is relatively stable (with lower variance) around normal samples. We have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Amit Rozner , Barak Battash , Henry Li , Lior Wolf , Ofir Lindenbaum

We consider the problem of estimating the probability density function of a circular random variable observed under censoring. To this end, we introduce a projection estimator constructed via a regression approach on linear sieves. We first…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Nicolas Conanec , Claire Lacour , Thanh Mai Pham Ngoc

When modeling a probability distribution with a Bayesian network, we are faced with the problem of how to handle continuous variables. Most previous work has either solved the problem by discretizing, or assumed that the data are generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-21 George H. John , Pat Langley

One key issue in several astrophysical problems is the evaluation of the density probability function underlying an observational discrete data set. We here review two non-parametric density estimators which recently appeared in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Dario Fadda , Eric Slezak , Albert Bijaoui

We introduce a priori Sobolev-space error estimates for the solution of nonlinear, and possibly parametric, PDEs using Gaussian process and kernel based methods. The primary assumptions are: (1) a continuous embedding of the reproducing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-10 Pau Batlle , Yifan Chen , Bamdad Hosseini , Houman Owhadi , Andrew M Stuart

Recent advances in machine learning have inspired a surge of research into reconstructing specific quantities of interest from measurements that comply with certain physical laws. These efforts focus on inverse problems that are governed by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-23 Honam Wong , Wendao Wu , Fanghui Liu , Yiping Lu

This paper develops a nonparametric density estimator with parametric overtones. Suppose $f(x,\theta)$ is some family of densities, indexed by a vector of parameters $\theta$. We define a local kernel smoothed likelihood function which for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-22 Nils Lid Hjort , M. C. Jones

Nowadays we have many methods allowing to exploit the regularising properties of the linear part of a nonlinear dispersive equation (such as the KdV equation, the nonlinear wave or the nonlinear Schroedinger equations) in order to prove…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-12-14 Nikolay Tzvetkov

We construct a family of non-parametric (infinite-dimensional) manifolds of finite measures on $R^d$. The manifolds are modelled on a variety of weighted Sobolev spaces, including Hilbert-Sobolev spaces and mixed-norm spaces. Each supports…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-26 Nigel J. Newton

Variational methods for revealing visual concepts learned by convolutional neural networks have gained significant attention during the last years. Being based on noisy gradients obtained via back-propagation such methods require the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Maximilian Baust , Florian Ludwig , Christian Rupprecht , Matthias Kohl , Stefan Braunewell

Density estimation plays a key role in many tasks in machine learning, statistical inference, and visualization. The main bottleneck in high-dimensional density estimation is the prohibitive computational cost and the slow convergence rate.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Liang Ding , Lu Zou , Wenjia Wang , Shahin Shahrampour , Rui Tuo

Nonparametric density estimation is an unsupervised learning problem. In this work we propose a two-step procedure that casts the density estimation problem in the first step into a supervised regression problem. The advantage is that we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Thijs Bos , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber
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