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Speaker verification has been widely and successfully adopted in many mission-critical areas for user identification. The training of speaker verification requires a large amount of data, therefore users usually need to adopt third-party…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Tongqing Zhai , Yiming Li , Ziqi Zhang , Baoyuan Wu , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Speech recognition is an essential start ring of human-computer interaction, and recently, deep learning models have achieved excellent success in this task. However, when the model training and private data provider are always separated,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Wenhan Yao , Jiangkun Yang , Yongqiang He , Jia Liu , Weiping Wen

This work provides the community with a timely comprehensive review of backdoor attacks and countermeasures on deep learning. According to the attacker's capability and affected stage of the machine learning pipeline, the attack surfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Yansong Gao , Bao Gia Doan , Zhi Zhang , Siqi Ma , Jiliang Zhang , Anmin Fu , Surya Nepal , Hyoungshick Kim

Spoofing attacks posed by generating artificial speech can severely degrade the performance of a speaker verification system. Recently, many anti-spoofing countermeasures have been proposed for detecting varying types of attacks from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-08 Yuanjun Zhao , Roberto Togneri , Victor Sreeram

Self-supervised and multimodal vision encoders learn strong visual representations that are widely adopted in downstream vision tasks and large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, downstream users often rely on third-party pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siquan Huang , Yijiang Li , Ningzhi Gao , Xingfu Yan , Leyu Shi , Ying Gao

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has numerous applications in the real world thanks to its outstanding ability in quickly adapting to the surrounding environments. Despite its great advantages, DRL is susceptible to adversarial attacks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Inaam Ilahi , Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir , Muhammad Umar Janjua , Ala Al-Fuqaha , Dinh Thai Hoang , Dusit Niyato

A Machine-Critical Application is a system that is fundamentally necessary to the success of specific and sensitive operations such as search and recovery, rescue, military, and emergency management actions. Recent advances in Machine…

Video super-resolution (VSR) is a prominent research topic in low-level computer vision, where deep learning technologies have played a significant role. The rapid progress in deep learning and its applications in VSR has led to a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Arbind Agrahari Baniya , Tsz-Kwan Lee , Peter Eklund , Sunil Aryal

The development of deep learning technology has greatly promoted the performance improvement of automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology, which has demonstrated an ability comparable to human hearing in many tasks. Voice interfaces are…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Jinghui Xu , Jifeng Zhu , Yong Yang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which bridge the gap between audio-visual and natural language processing, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several audio-visual tasks. Despite the superior performance of MLLMs, the scarcity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinming Wen , Xinyi Wu , Shuai Zhao , Yanhao Jia , Yuwen Li

Speaker verification has been widely used in many authentication scenarios. However, training models for speaker verification requires large amounts of data and computing power, so users often use untrustworthy third-party data or deploy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Haodong Zhao , Wei Du , Junjie Guo , Gongshen Liu

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

Recent advances in biometric systems have significantly improved the detection and prevention of fraudulent activities. However, as detection methods improve, attack techniques become increasingly sophisticated. Attacks on face recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Lazaro Janier Gonzalez-Soler , Maciej Salwowski , Christoph Busch

Security of automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems is compromised by various spoofing attacks. While many types of non-proactive attacks (and their defenses) have been studied in the past, attacker's perspective on ASV, represents a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Rohan Kumar Das , Xiaohai Tian , Tomi Kinnunen , Haizhou Li

Deep learning models have achieved unprecedented performance in the domain of object detection, resulting in breakthroughs in areas such as autonomous driving and security. However, deep learning models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jeongjin Shin

Malicious actors may seek to use different voice-spoofing attacks to fool ASV systems and even use them for spreading misinformation. Various countermeasures have been proposed to detect these spoofing attacks. Due to the extensive work…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-23 Awais Khan , Khalid Mahmood Malik , James Ryan , Mikul Saravanan

Voice authentication has become an integral part in security-critical operations, such as bank transactions and call center conversations. The vulnerability of automatic speaker verification systems (ASVs) to spoofing attacks instigated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Andre Kassis , Urs Hengartner

Large Language Models (LLMs), which bridge the gap between human language understanding and complex problem-solving, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot settings. Despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shuai Zhao , Meihuizi Jia , Zhongliang Guo , Leilei Gan , Xiaoyu Xu , Xiaobao Wu , Jie Fu , Yichao Feng , Fengjun Pan , Luu Anh Tuan

Speaker identification (SI) determines a speaker's identity based on their spoken utterances. Previous work indicates that SI deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Backdoor attacks involve embedding hidden triggers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Coen Schoof , Stefanos Koffas , Mauro Conti , Stjepan Picek

With the wide use of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) in applications such as human machine interaction, simultaneous interpretation, audio transcription, etc., its security protection becomes increasingly important. Although recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Yuxuan Chen , Jiangshan Zhang , Xuejing Yuan , Shengzhi Zhang , Kai Chen , Xiaofeng Wang , Shanqing Guo