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Causal phenomena associated with rare events occur across a wide range of engineering problems, such as risk-sensitive safety analysis, accident analysis and prevention, and extreme value theory. However, current methods for causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-19 Chih-Yuan Chiu , Kshitij Kulkarni , Shankar Sastry

Concurrent separation logic (CSL) is a specification logic for concurrent imperative programs with shared memory and locks. In this paper, we develop a concurrent and interactive account of the logic inspired by asynchronous game semantics.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Paul-André Melliès , Léo Stefanesco

This paper presents a study of causality in a reversible, concurrent setting. There exist various notions of causality in pi-calculus, which differ in the treatment of parallel extrusions of the same name. In this paper we present a uniform…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Doriana Medic , Claudio Antares Mezzina , Iain Phillips , Nobuko Yoshida

The identification of causal relations is a cornerstone of the scientific method. Traditional approaches to this task are based on classical statistics. However, such classical approaches do not apply in the quantum domain, where a broader…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Giulio Chiribella , Swati

Future miniaturization and mobilization of computing devices requires energy parsimonious `adiabatic' computation. This is contingent on logical reversibility of computation. An example is the idea of quantum computations which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Ming Li , Paul Vitanyi

In rule-based systems, goal-oriented computations correspond naturally to the possible ways that an observation may be explained. In some applications, we need to compute explanations for a series of observations with the same domain. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Fangzhen Lin , Jia-Huai You

Robustness to distribution shift and fairness have independently emerged as two important desiderata required of modern machine learning models. While these two desiderata seem related, the connection between them is often unclear in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Maggie Makar , Alexander D'Amour

Neural circuits are able to perform computations under very diverse conditions and requirements. The required computations impose clear constraints on their fine-tuning: a rapid and maximally informative response to stimuli in general…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-22 Jens Wilting , Jonas Dehning , Joao Pinheiro Neto , Lucas Rudelt , Michael Wibral , Johannes Zierenberg , Viola Priesemann

This paper presents a framework for Quantum causal modeling based on the interpretation of causality as a relation between an observer's probability assignments to hypothetical or counterfactual experiments. The framework is based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Jacques Pienaar

A problem is a multivalued function from a set of \emph{instances} to a set of \emph{solutions}. We consider only instances and solutions coded by sets of integers. A problem admits preservation of some computability-theoretic weakness…

Accountability is the property of a system that enables the uncovering of causes for events and helps understand who or what is responsible for these events. Definitions and interpretations of accountability differ; however, they are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Severin Kacianka , Alexander Pretschner

If the 20th century was known for the computational revolution, what will the 21st be known for? Perhaps the recent strides in the nascent fields of molecular programming and biological computation will help bring about the 'Coming Era of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-14 Hannah Amelie Earley

One-to-one reversible automata are introduced. Their applicability to a modelling of the quantum mechanical measurement process is discussed.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-16 Karl Svozil

Increasingly deeper integration of HPC resources and QPUs unveils new challenges in computer architecture and engineering. As a consequence, dependability arises again as a concern encompassing resilience, reproducibility and security. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Santiago Núñez-Corrales

Transparency is an essential requirement of machine learning based decision making systems that are deployed in real world. Often, transparency of a given system is achieved by providing explanations of the behavior and predictions of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Modern computer systems are highly configurable, with the total variability space sometimes larger than the number of atoms in the universe. Understanding and reasoning about the performance behavior of highly configurable systems, over a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Md Shahriar Iqbal , Rahul Krishna , Mohammad Ali Javidian , Baishakhi Ray , Pooyan Jamshidi

Turing's famous 'machine' framework provides an intuitively clear conception of 'computing with real numbers'. A recursive counterexample to a theorem shows that the theorem does not hold when restricted to computable objects. These…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Sam Sanders

Recent research has demonstrated that quantum computers can solve certain types of problems substantially faster than the known classical algorithms. These problems include factoring integers and certain physics simulations. Practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme , Wojciech H. Zurek

Abstracting an effective theory from a complicated process is central to the study of complexity. Even when the underlying mechanisms are understood, or at least measurable, the presence of dissipation and irreversibility in biological,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-21 Simon DeDeo

One of the defining features of living systems is their adaptability to changing environmental conditions. This requires organisms to extract temporal and spatial features of their environment, and use that information to compute the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-27 Maria Sol Vidal-Saez , Oscar Vilarroya , Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo