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A Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) is becoming an increasingly important tool in regulatory and technical spaces to introduce more transparency and security into a project's software supply chain. Artificial intelligence (AI) projects face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Karen Bennet , Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur , Arthit Suriyawongkul , Kate Stewart

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) assurance in the optical domain is a crucial field of study. Though there are many existing PCB assurance methods using image processing, computer vision (CV), and machine learning (ML), the PCB field is complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Wenwei Zhao , Suprith Gurudu , Shayan Taheri , Shajib Ghosh , Mukhil Azhagan Mallaiyan Sathiaseelan , Navid Asadizanjani

Printed Circuit Boards are the foundation for the functioning of any electronic device, and therefore are an essential component for various industries such as automobile, communication, computation, etc. However, one of the challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Tejas Khare , Vaibhav Bahel , Anuradha C. Phadke

Bills of materials (BOMs) are quickly becoming an effective tool for managing supply chain risk. As more BOMs enter circulation, the ability to compare them will be crucial to understanding how products differ and in managing BOMs from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Lucas Tate , Rebecca Jones , Doug Dennis , Tatyana Benko , Jody Askren

Modern digital ecosystems, spanning software, hardware, learning models, datasets, and cryptographic products, continue to grow in complexity, making it difficult for organizations to understand and manage component dependencies. Bills of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shuai Zhang , Minzhao Lyu , Hassan Habibi Gharakheili

Outsourced printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication necessitates increased hardware assurance capabilities. Several assurance techniques based on automated optical inspection (AOI) have been proposed that leverage PCB images acquired using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Nathan Jessurun , Olivia P. Dizon-Paradis , Jacob Harrison , Shajib Ghosh , Mark M. Tehranipoor , Damon L. Woodard , Navid Asadizanjani

Ensuring the security of software supply chains requires reliable identification of upstream dependencies. We present the Automatic Bill of Materials, or ABOM, a technique for embedding dependency metadata in binaries at compile time.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Nicholas Boucher , Ross Anderson

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are essential components of electronic devices, and ensuring their quality is crucial in their production. However, the vast variety of components and PCBs manufactured by different companies makes it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Faranak Shamsafar , Sunil Jaiswal , Benjamin Kelkel , Kireeti Bodduna , Klaus Illgner-Fehns

The Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) has emerged as a promising solution, providing a machine-readable inventory of software components used, thus bolstering supply chain security. This paper presents an extensive study concerning the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Tingting Bi , Boming Xia , Zhenchang Xing , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu

Privacy regulations mandate that developers must provide authentic and comprehensive privacy notices, e.g., privacy policies or labels, to inform users of their apps' privacy practices. However, due to a lack of knowledge of privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhen Tao , Shidong Pan , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaoyu Sun , Omar Haggag , John Grundy , Jingjie Li , Liming Zhu

Software Bill of Materials (SBOMs) are increasingly regarded as essential tools for securing software supply chains (SSCs), yet their real-world use and adoption barriers remain poorly understood. This systematic literature review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Eric O'Donoghue , Yvette Hastings , Ernesto Ortiz , A. Redempta Manzi Muneza

Modern software applications heavily rely on diverse third-party components, libraries, and frameworks sourced from various vendors and open source repositories, presenting a complex challenge for securing the software supply chain. To…

Software Bills of Materials (SBOMs) have emerged as tools to facilitate the management of software dependencies, vulnerabilities, licenses, and the supply chain. While significant effort has been devoted to increasing SBOM awareness and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Trevor Stalnaker , Nathan Wintersgill , Oscar Chaparro , Massimiliano Di Penta , Daniel M German , Denys Poshyvanyk

Modern networked systems rely on complex software stacks, which often conceal vulnerabilities arising from intricate interdependencies. A Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) is effective for identifying dependencies and mitigating security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Vadim Safronov , Ionut Bostan , Nicholas Allott , Andrew Martin

It is becoming increasingly important in the software industry, especially with the growing complexity of software ecosystems and the emphasis on security and compliance for manufacturers to inventory software used on their systems. A…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Devin Pereira , Christopher Molloy , Sudipta Acharya , Steven H. H. Ding

The rapid growth of software supply chain attacks has attracted considerable attention to software bill of materials (SBOM). SBOMs are a crucial building block to ensure the transparency of software supply chains that helps improve software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Boming Xia , Tingting Bi , Zhenchang Xing , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a valuable technique by which one can investigate the physical characteristics of the surfaces of materials. However, its widespread use is hampered by the time-consuming nature of running an experiment…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-03 Nicholas J. Sullivan , Julio J. Valdés , Kirk H. Bevan , Peter Grutter

Automated detection of defects in Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing using Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) and Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) machines can help improve operational efficiency and significantly reduce the need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Jubilee Prasad-Rao , Roohollah Heidary , Jesse Williams

The Software Supply Chain (SSC) security is a critical concern for both users and developers. Recent incidents, like the SolarWinds Orion compromise, proved the widespread impact resulting from the distribution of compromised software. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Giacomo Benedetti , Serena Cofano , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

The quality control of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is paramount in advancing electronic device technology. While numerous machine learning methodologies have been utilized to augment defect detection efficiency and accuracy, previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Ka Nam Canaan Law , Mingshuo Yu , Lianglei Zhang , Yiyi Zhang , Peng Xu , Jerry Gao , Jun Liu
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