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Learning complex policies with Reinforcement Learning (RL) is often hindered by instability and slow convergence, a problem exacerbated by the difficulty of reward engineering. Imitation Learning (IL) from expert demonstrations bypasses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sayambhu Sen , Shalabh Bhatnagar

The potential of offline reinforcement learning (RL) is that high-capacity models trained on large, heterogeneous datasets can lead to agents that generalize broadly, analogously to similar advances in vision and NLP. However, recent works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Aviral Kumar , Rishabh Agarwal , Xinyang Geng , George Tucker , Sergey Levine

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) focuses on learning policies solely from a batch of previously collected data. offering the potential to leverage such datasets effectively without the need for costly or risky active exploration. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Riccardo Zamboni , Enrico Brunetti , Marcello Restelli

Reinforcement learning (RL) is attracting increasing interests in autonomous driving due to its potential to solve complex classification and control problems. However, existing RL algorithms are rarely applied to real vehicles for two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Lu Wen , Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Shaobing Xu , Huei Peng

This paper evaluates adaptive Q-learning (AQL) and single-partition adaptive Q-learning (SPAQL), two algorithms for efficient model-free episodic reinforcement learning (RL), in two classical control problems (Pendulum and Cartpole). AQL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 João Pedro Araújo , Mário A. T. Figueiredo , Miguel Ayala Botto

Sample efficiency is critical when applying learning-based methods to robotic manipulation due to the high cost of collecting expert demonstrations and the challenges of on-robot policy learning through online Reinforcement Learning (RL).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Arsh Tangri , Ondrej Biza , Dian Wang , David Klee , Owen Howell , Robert Platt

Learning robust driving policies from large-scale, real-world datasets is a central challenge in autonomous driving, as online data collection is often unsafe and impractical. While Behavioral Cloning (BC) offers a straightforward approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Antonio Guillen-Perez

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) faces a fundamental challenge of extrapolation errors caused by out-of-distribution (OOD) actions. Implicit Q-Learning (IQL) employs expectile regression to achieve in-sample learning. Nevertheless, IQL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xinchen Han , Hossam Afifi , Michel Marot

Deep reinforcement learning for high dimensional, hierarchical control tasks usually requires the use of complex neural networks as functional approximators, which can lead to inefficiency, instability and even divergence in the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yuguang Yang

Training agents via off-policy deep reinforcement learning (RL) requires a large memory, named replay memory, that stores past experiences used for learning. These experiences are sampled, uniformly or non-uniformly, to create the batches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Bumgeun Park , Taeyoung Kim , Woohyeon Moon , Luiz Felipe Vecchietti , Dongsoo Har

We propose a novel framework for efficient parallelization of deep reinforcement learning algorithms, enabling these algorithms to learn from multiple actors on a single machine. The framework is algorithm agnostic and can be applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-17 Alfredo V. Clemente , Humberto N. Castejón , Arjun Chandra

Classical reinforcement learning (RL) aims to optimize the expected cumulative reward. In this work, we consider the RL setting where the goal is to optimize the quantile of the cumulative reward. We parameterize the policy controlling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Jinyang Jiang , Jiaqiao Hu , Yijie Peng

Reinforcement learning (RL) is vital for optimizing large language models (LLMs). Recent Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) estimates advantages using multiple on-policy outputs per prompt, leading to high computational costs and low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Siheng Li , Zhanhui Zhou , Wai Lam , Chao Yang , Chaochao Lu

In this work, we present a scalable reinforcement learning method for training multi-task policies from large offline datasets that can leverage both human demonstrations and autonomously collected data. Our method uses a Transformer to…

This paper demonstrates that continual relearning of control policies using incremental deep reinforcement learning (RL) can improve policy learning for non-stationary processes. We demonstrate this approach for a data-driven 'smart…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Avisek Naug , Marcos Quiñones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

Reinforcement learning holds the promise of enabling autonomous robots to learn large repertoires of behavioral skills with minimal human intervention. However, robotic applications of reinforcement learning often compromise the autonomy of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Shixiang Gu , Ethan Holly , Timothy Lillicrap , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly utilized to enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, effectively scaling these RL methods presents significant challenges, primarily due to the difficulty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Alexandre Piché , Ehsan Kamalloo , Rafael Pardinas , Xiaoyin Chen , Dzmitry Bahdanau

Deep reinforcement learning can generate complex control policies, but requires large amounts of training data to work effectively. Recent work has attempted to address this issue by leveraging differentiable simulators. However, inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Jie Xu , Viktor Makoviychuk , Yashraj Narang , Fabio Ramos , Wojciech Matusik , Animesh Garg , Miles Macklin

We present Residual Policy Learning (RPL): a simple method for improving nondifferentiable policies using model-free deep reinforcement learning. RPL thrives in complex robotic manipulation tasks where good but imperfect controllers are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Tom Silver , Kelsey Allen , Josh Tenenbaum , Leslie Kaelbling

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn optimal policies from offline datasets, where the parameterization of policies is crucial but often overlooked. Recently, Diffsuion-QL significantly boosts the performance of offline RL by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Bingyi Kang , Xiao Ma , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Shuicheng Yan