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Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are a key component for protecting Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, in Machine Learning-based (ML-based) IDSs, performance is often degraded by the strong class imbalance between benign and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Estela Sánchez-Carballo , Francisco M. Melgarejo-Meseguer , José Luis Rojo-Álvarez

The controllable generation of diffusion models aims to steer the model to generate samples that optimize some given objective functions. It is desirable for a variety of applications including image generation, molecule generation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Owen Oertell , Shikun Sun , Yiding Chen , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhiyong Wang , Wen Sun

In biomedical engineering, artificial intelligence has become a pivotal tool for enhancing medical diagnostics, particularly in medical image classification tasks such as detecting pneumonia from chest X-rays and breast cancer screening.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jingsong Xia , Siqi Wang

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to improve the performance of source-domain pre-trained models on previously unseen, shifted target domains. Traditional TTA methods primarily adapt model weights based on target data streams, making model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jiayi Guo , Junhao Zhao , Chaoqun Du , Yulin Wang , Chunjiang Ge , Zanlin Ni , Shiji Song , Humphrey Shi , Gao Huang

We argue that diffusion models' success in modeling complex distributions is, for the most part, coming from their input conditioning. This paper investigates the representation used to condition diffusion models from the perspective that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Samuel Lavoie , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville

Stable Diffusion (SD) has gained a lot of attention in recent years in the field of Generative AI thus helping in synthesizing medical imaging data with distinct features. The aim is to contribute to the ongoing effort focused on overcoming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Ayman Abaid , Muhammad Ali Farooq , Niamh Hynes , Peter Corcoran , Ihsan Ullah

We present Stable Video Diffusion - a latent video diffusion model for high-resolution, state-of-the-art text-to-video and image-to-video generation. Recently, latent diffusion models trained for 2D image synthesis have been turned into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Andreas Blattmann , Tim Dockhorn , Sumith Kulal , Daniel Mendelevitch , Maciej Kilian , Dominik Lorenz , Yam Levi , Zion English , Vikram Voleti , Adam Letts , Varun Jampani , Robin Rombach

We develop a novel method for training of GANs for unsupervised and class conditional generation of images, called Linear Discriminant GAN (LD-GAN). The discriminator of an LD-GAN is trained to maximize the linear separability between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-26 Zhun Sun , Mete Ozay , Takayuki Okatani

As synthetic data proliferates across the Internet, it is often reused to train successive generations of generative models. This creates a ``self-consuming loop" that can lead to training instability or \textit{model collapse}. Common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhongteng Cai , Yaxuan Wang , Yang Liu , Xueru Zhang

Traditional adversarial attacks concentrate on manipulating clean examples in the pixel space by adding adversarial perturbations. By contrast, semantic adversarial attacks focus on changing semantic attributes of clean examples, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Chenan Wang , Jinhao Duan , Chaowei Xiao , Edward Kim , Matthew Stamm , Kaidi Xu

Sentiment classification (SC) often suffers from low-resource challenges such as domain-specific contexts, imbalanced label distributions, and few-shot scenarios. The potential of the diffusion language model (LM) for textual data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhuowei Chen , Lianxi Wang , Yuben Wu , Xinfeng Liao , Yujia Tian , Junyang Zhong

Deep learning methods are state-of-the-art for spectral image (SI) computational tasks. However, these methods are constrained in their performance since available datasets are limited due to the highly expensive and long acquisition time.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Emmanuel Martinez , Roman Jacome , Alejandra Hernandez-Rojas , Henry Arguello

The performance of generative adversarial networks (GANs) heavily deteriorates given a limited amount of training data. This is mainly because the discriminator is memorizing the exact training set. To combat it, we propose Differentiable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Shengyu Zhao , Zhijian Liu , Ji Lin , Jun-Yan Zhu , Song Han

In generating adversarial examples, the conventional black-box attack methods rely on sufficient feedback from the to-be-attacked models by repeatedly querying until the attack is successful, which usually results in thousands of trials…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Renyang Liu , Wei Zhou , Xin Jin , Song Gao , Yuanyu Wang , Ruxin Wang

Recommender systems (RSs) are now fundamental to various online platforms, but their dependence on user-contributed data leaves them vulnerable to shilling attacks that can manipulate item rankings by injecting fake users. Although widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Shutong Qiao , Wei Yuan , Junliang Yu , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

Automated grading of Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) from radiographs is challenged by significant inter-observer variability and the limited robustness of deep learning models, particularly near critical decision boundaries. To address these…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Zhe Wang , Yuhua Ru , Aladine Chetouani , Tina Shiang , Fang Chen , Fabian Bauer , Liping Zhang , Didier Hans , Rachid Jennane , William Ewing Palmer , Mohamed Jarraya , Yung Hsin Chen

Automating the classification of camera-obtained microscopic images of White Blood Cells (WBCs) and related cell subtypes has assumed importance since it aids the laborious manual process of review and diagnosis. Several State-Of-The-Art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Prashant Pandey , Prathosh AP , Vinay Kyatham , Deepak Mishra , Tathagato Rai Dastidar

Latent Consistency Models (LCMs) have achieved impressive performance in accelerating text-to-image generative tasks, producing high-quality images with minimal inference steps. LCMs are distilled from pre-trained latent diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Simian Luo , Yiqin Tan , Suraj Patil , Daniel Gu , Patrick von Platen , Apolinário Passos , Longbo Huang , Jian Li , Hang Zhao

Domain Adaptation (DA) is a method for enhancing a model's performance on a target domain with inadequate annotated data by applying the information the model has acquired from a related source domain with sufficient labeled data. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Shivang Chopra , Suraj Kothawade , Houda Aynaou , Aman Chadha

Text augmentation is a technique for constructing synthetic data from an under-resourced corpus to improve predictive performance. Synthetic data generation is common in numerous domains. However, recently text augmentation has emerged in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mosleh Mahamud , Zed Lee , Isak Samsten