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Related papers: Spectral Observations and Modeling of a Solar Whit…

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We describe observations of a white-light flare (SOL2011-02-24T07:35:00, M3.5) close to the limb of the Sun, from which we obtain estimates of the heights of the optical continuum sources and those of the associated hard X-ray sources.For…

Enhanced continuum brightness is observed in many flares (''white light flares''), yet it is still unclear which processes contribute to the emission. To understand the transport of energy needed to account for this emission, we must first…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Lucia Kleint , Petr Heinzel , Phil Judge , Säm Krucker

Super active region NOAA 13664 produced 12 X-class flares (including the largest one, an occulted X8.7 flare, in solar cycle 25 so far) during 2024 May 8-15 and 11 of them are identified as white-light flares. Here we present various…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-13 Ying Li , Xiaofeng Liu , Zhichen Jing , Wei Chen , Qiao Li , Yang Su , De-Chao Song , M. D. Ding , Li Feng , Hui Li , Weiqun Gan

Solar flares radiates energy at all wavelengths, but the spectral distribution of this energy is still poorly known. White-light continuum emission is sometimes observed and the flares are then termed "white-light flares" (WLF). In this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 M. Kretzschmar

We investigate observational signatures of explosive chromospheric evaporation during a white-light flare (WLF) that occurred on 2022 August 27. Using the moment analysis, bisector techniques, and the Gaussian fitting method, red-shifted…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-29 Dong Li , Chuan Li , Ye Qiu , Shihao Rao , Alexander Warmuth , Frederic Schuller , Haisheng Zhao , Fanpeng Shi , Jun Xu , Zongjun Ning

We present a detailed analysis of a C9.3 white-light flare using high-resolution observations from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST). The flare occurred near the eastern solar limb on September 11, 2023, within NOAA AR 13431, and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Zhe Xu , Xiaoli Yan , Zhentong Li , Liheng Yang , Zhike Xue , Jincheng Wang , Yian Zhou

We present a novel observation of the white-light flare (WLF) continuum, which was significantly enhanced during the X1 flare on March 29, 2014 (SOL2014-03-29T17:48). Data from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in its NUV…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Petr Heinzel , Lucia Kleint

White-light flares (WLFs) are crucial for understanding the energy transport and heating processes in the lower solar atmosphere. Systematic studies are highly necessary. However, most WLFs are very weak and difficult to detect. To address…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Shuanghong Li , Yongliang Song , Kun Wang , Xianyong Bai , Xiao Yang , Nian Liu , Ziyao Hu

We report observations of white-light ejecta in the low corona, for two X-class flares on the 2013 May 13, using data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory. At least two distinct kinds of sources…

Solar white-light flares (WLFs) are those accompanied by brightenings in the optical continuum or integrated light. The White-light Solar Telescope (WST), as an instrument of the Lyman-alpha Solar Telescope (LST) on the Advanced Space-based…

White-light flares (WLFs), first observed in 1859, refer to a type of solar flares showing an obvious enhancement of the visible continuum emission. This type of enhancement often occurs in most energetic flares, and is usually interpreted…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Yongliang Song , Hui Tian , Xiaoshuai Zhu , Yajie Chen , Mei Zhang , Jingwen Zhang

We attempt to understand the white-light flare (WLF) that was observed on 2012 March 9 with a newly constructed multi-wavelength solar telescope called the Optical and Near-infrared Solar Eruption Tracer (ONSET). We analyzed WLF…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-09 Q. Hao , Y. Guo , Y. Dai , M. D. Ding , Z. Li , X. Y. Zhang , C. Fang

As one of the most violent activities in the solar atmosphere, white-light flares (WLFs) are generally known for their enhanced white-light (or continuum) emission, which primarily originates in the solar lower atmosphere. However, we know…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Yu-Tong Yang , Jie Hong , Ying Li , Ming-De Ding , Hui Li

As the Lyman-alpha (Lya) line of neutral hydrogen is the brightest emission line in the solar spectrum, detecting increases in irradiance due to solar flares at this wavelength can be challenging due to the very high background. Previous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Ryan O. Milligan

We investigate the relationship between the continuum enhancement and the hard X-ray (HXR) emission of a white-light flare on 2002 September 29. By reconstructing the RHESSI HXR images in the impulsive phase, we find two bright conjugate…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Q. R. Chen , M. D. Ding

White-light emissions were observed from an X1.7 class solar flare on 27 January 2012, using three continuum bands (red, green, and blue) of the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) onboard the Hinode satellite. This event occurred near the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Kyoko Watanabe , Toshifumi Shimizu , Satoshi Masuda , Kiyoshi Ichimoto , Masanori Ohno

While solar flares are primarily associated with enhanced ultraviolet and X-ray emission, a subset of flares exhibit significant continuum brightening in visible light and are classified as white-light flares (WLFs). Despite extensive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-01 Samuel Granovsky , Alexander G. Kosovichev , Irina N. Kitiashvili , Alan A. Wray

A statistical study of the correlation between hard X-ray and white light emission in solar flares is performed in order to search for a link between flare-accelerated electrons and white light formation. We analyze 43 flares spanning GOES…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-20 Matej Kuhar , Säm Krucker , Juan Carlos Martínez Oliveros , Marina Battaglia , Lucia Kleint , Diego Casadei , Hugh S. Hudson

In this paper we analyze soft and hard X-ray emission of the 2002 September 20 M1.8 GOES class solar flare observed by RHESSI and GOES satellites. In this flare event, soft X-ray emission precedes the onset of the main bulk hard X-ray…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 M. Siarkowski , R. Falewicz , P. Rudawy

The GOES X1 flare SOL2014-10-25T17:08:00 was a three-ribbon solar flare observed with IRIS in the near and far ultraviolet. One of the flare ribbons crossed a sunspot umbra, producing a dramatic, $\sim1000$% increase in the near-ultraviolet…