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We examine the optimality properties of the Gini index estimator under complex survey design involving stratification, clustering, and sub-stratification. While Darku et al. (Econometrics, 26, 2020) considered only stratification and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-26 Shivam , Bhargab Chattopadhyay , Nil Kamal Hazra

Statistical inference on the explained variation of an outcome by a set of covariates is of particular interest in practice. When the covariates are of moderate to high-dimension and the effects are not sparse, several approaches have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-24 Hua Yun Chen

An important challenge in statistical analysis lies in controlling the bias of estimators due to the ever-increasing data size and model complexity. Approximate numerical methods and data features like censoring and misclassification often…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Stéphane Guerrier , Mucyo Karemera , Samuel Orso , Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser , Yuming Zhang

The network scale-up method enables researchers to estimate the size of hidden populations, such as drug injectors and sex workers, using sampled social network data. The basic scale-up estimator offers advantages over other size estimation…

Applications · Statistics 2016-11-14 Dennis M. Feehan , Matthew J. Salganik

In clinical settings, we often face the challenge of building prediction models based on small observational data sets. For example, such a data set might be from a medical center in a multi-center study. Differences between centers might…

Conformal prediction is an assumption-lean approach to generating distribution-free prediction intervals or sets, for nearly arbitrary predictive models, with guaranteed finite-sample coverage. Conformal methods are an active research topic…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-19 Jerzy Wieczorek

The statistical problem of using an initial sample to estimate the number of species in a larger sample has found important applications in fields far removed from ecology. Here we address the general problem of estimating the number of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-16 Chao Deng , Timothy Daley , Peter Calabrese , Jie Ren , Andrew D. Smith

Respondent-driven sampling is a form of link-tracing network sampling, which is widely used to study hard-to-reach populations, often to estimate population proportions. Previous treatments of this process have used a with-replacement…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-06-25 Krista J. Gile

In this article we present very intuitive, easy to follow, yet mathematically rigorous, approach to the so called data fitting process. Rather than minimizing the distance between measured and simulated data points, we prefer to find such…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-08-07 Marek W. Gutowski

A significant hurdle for analyzing large sample data is the lack of effective statistical computing and inference methods. An emerging powerful approach for analyzing large sample data is subsampling, by which one takes a random subsample…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-24 Rong Zhu , Ping Ma , Michael W. Mahoney , Bin Yu

This paper investigates the use of stratified sampling as a variance reduction technique for approximating integrals over large dimensional spaces. The accuracy of this method critically depends on the choice of the space partition, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-15 Pierre Etoré , Gersende Fort , Benjamin Jourdain , Eric Moulines

It has historically been a challenge to perform Bayesian inference in a design-based survey context. The present paper develops a Bayesian model for sampling inference in the presence of inverse-probability weights. We use a hierarchical…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Yajuan Si , Natesh S. Pillai , Andrew Gelman

This paper develops semiparametric methods for estimation and inference of widely used inequality measures when survey data are subject to nonignorable nonresponse, a challenging setting in which response probabilities depend on the…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-16 Xinyu Wang , Chunlin Wang , Tao Yu , Pengfei Li

Nonprobability (convenience) samples are increasingly sought to reduce the estimation variance for one or more population variables of interest that are estimated using a randomized survey (reference) sample by increasing the effective…

In this paper, the authors first provide an overview of two major developments on complex survey data analysis: the empirical likelihood methods and statistical inference with non-probability survey samples, and highlight the important…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-14 Yilin Chen , Pengfei Li , J. N. K. Rao , Changbao Wu

Design-consistent model-assisted estimation has become the standard practice in survey sampling. However, a general theory is lacking so far, which allows one to incorporate modern machine-learning techniques that can lead to potentially…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-26 Luis Sanguiao Sande , Li-Chun Zhang

When a planner must decide whether it has enough evidence to make a decision based on probability, it faces the sample size problem. Current planners using probabilities need not deal with this problem because they do not generate their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Nathaniel G. Martin , James F. Allen

This article introduces subbagging (subsample aggregating) estimation approaches for big data analysis with memory constraints of computers. Specifically, for the whole dataset with size $N$, $m_N$ subsamples are randomly drawn, and each…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-05 Tao Zou , Xian Li , Xuan Liang , Hansheng Wang

Subsampling is one of the popular methods to balance statistical efficiency and computational efficiency in the big data era. Most approaches aim at selecting informative or representative sample points to achieve good overall information…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-10 Haolin Chen , Holger Dette , Jun Yu

This paper considers statistical inference for the explained variance $\beta^{\intercal}\Sigma \beta$ under the high-dimensional linear model $Y=X\beta+\epsilon$ in the semi-supervised setting, where $\beta$ is the regression vector and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-01 T. Tony Cai , Zijian Guo