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End-to-end reinforcement learning agents learn a state representation and a policy at the same time. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been trained successfully as reinforcement learning agents in settings like dialogue that require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Layla El Asri , Adam Trischler

Maneuvering in dense traffic is a challenging task for autonomous vehicles because it requires reasoning about the stochastic behaviors of many other participants. In addition, the agent must achieve the maneuver within a limited time and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Maxime Bouton , Alireza Nakhaei , David Isele , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Adaptive networks consist of a collection of agents with adaptation and learning abilities. The agents interact with each other on a local level and diffuse information across the network through their collaborations. In this work, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Sheng-Yuan Tu , Ali H. Sayed

The key challenge in multiagent learning is learning a best response to the behaviour of other agents, which may be non-stationary: if the other agents adapt their strategy as well, the learning target moves. Disparate streams of research…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Pablo Hernandez-Leal , Michael Kaisers , Tim Baarslag , Enrique Munoz de Cote

When a game involves many agents or when communication between agents is not possible, it is useful to resort to distributed learning where each agent acts in complete autonomy without any information on the other agents' situations.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Jérôme Taupin , Xavier Leturc , Christophe J. Le Martret

Neural nets are powerful function approximators, but the behavior of a given neural net, once trained, cannot be easily modified. We wish, however, for people to be able to influence neural agents' actions despite the agents never training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mycal Tucker , William Kuhl , Khizer Shahid , Seth Karten , Katia Sycara , Julie Shah

One of the most basic lower bounds in machine learning is that in nearly any nontrivial setting, it takes $\textit{at least}$ $1/\epsilon$ samples to learn to error $\epsilon$ (and more, if the classifier being learned is complex). However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-04 Idan Attias , Avrim Blum , Keziah Naggita , Donya Saless , Dravyansh Sharma , Matthew Walter

In reinforcement learning, state representations are used to tractably deal with large problem spaces. State representations serve both to approximate the value function with few parameters, but also to generalize to newly encountered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Charline Le Lan , Stephen Tu , Adam Oberman , Rishabh Agarwal , Marc G. Bellemare

An agent trained within a closed system can master any desired capability, as long as the following three conditions hold: (a) it receives sufficiently informative and aligned feedback, (b) its coverage of experience/data is broad enough,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Tom Schaul

Teaching an agent to perform new tasks using natural language can easily be hindered by ambiguities in interpretation. When a teacher provides an instruction to a learner about an object by referring to its features, the learner can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Olivier Sigaud , Mohamed Chetouani

Recent work has shown that reinforcement learning agents can develop policies that exploit spurious correlations between rewards and observations. This phenomenon, known as policy confounding, arises because the agent's policy influences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Miguel Suau

We believe that agents for automated incident response based on machine learning need to handle changes in network structure. Computer networks are dynamic, and can naturally change in structure over time. Retraining agents for small…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jakob Nyberg , Pontus Johnson

Humans and animals explore their environment and acquire useful skills even in the absence of clear goals, exhibiting intrinsic motivation. The study of intrinsic motivation in artificial agents is concerned with the following question:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Nicholas Rhinehart , Jenny Wang , Glen Berseth , John D. Co-Reyes , Danijar Hafner , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

We introduce a novel repeated Inverse Reinforcement Learning problem: the agent has to act on behalf of a human in a sequence of tasks and wishes to minimize the number of tasks that it surprises the human by acting suboptimally with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Kareem Amin , Nan Jiang , Satinder Singh

State convergence is essential in several scientific areas, e.g. multi-agent consensus/disagreement, distributed optimization, monotone game theory, multi-agent learning over time-varying networks. This paper is the first on state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-02 Filippo Fabiani , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Franco Blanchini , Patrizio Colaneri , Sergio Grammatico

We study opinion dynamics in a population of interacting adaptive agents voting on a set of complex multidimensional issues. We consider agents which can classify issues into for or against. The agents arrive at the opinions about each…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-03-11 Renato Vicente , Andre C. R. Martins , Nestor Caticha

Decision makers often aim to learn a treatment assignment policy under a capacity constraint on the number of agents that they can treat. When agents can respond strategically to such policies, competition arises, complicating estimation of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-31 Roshni Sahoo , Stefan Wager

To learn directed behaviors in complex environments, intelligent agents need to optimize objective functions. Various objectives are known for designing artificial agents, including task rewards and intrinsic motivation. However, it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Pedro A. Ortega , Jimmy Ba , Thomas Parr , Karl Friston , Nicolas Heess

This paper proves that the episodic learning environment of every finite-horizon decision task has a unique steady state under any behavior policy, and that the marginal distribution of the agent's input indeed converges to the steady-state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Huang Bojun

A lot of recent machine learning research papers have ``open-ended learning'' in their title. But very few of them attempt to define what they mean when using the term. Even worse, when looking more closely there seems to be no consensus on…