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With wide application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), it has become particularly important to make decisions of AI systems explainable and transparent. In this paper, we proposed a new Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Chi Zhao , Jing Liu , Elena Parilina

The Shapley value concept from cooperative game theory has become a popular technique for interpreting ML models, but efficiently estimating these values remains challenging, particularly in the model-agnostic setting. Here, we revisit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Ian Covert , Su-In Lee

Missingness and measurement frequency are two sides of the same coin. How frequent should we measure clinical variables and conduct laboratory tests? It depends on many factors such as the stability of patient conditions, diagnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Jiacheng Liu , Jaideep Srivastava

Existing feature attribution methods like SHAP often suffer from global dependence, failing to capture true local model behavior. This paper introduces VARSHAP, a novel model-agnostic local feature attribution method which uses the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Mateusz Gajewski , Mikołaj Morzy , Adam Karczmarz , Piotr Sankowski

Continual Learning trains models on a stream of data, with the aim of learning new information without forgetting previous knowledge. Given the dynamic nature of such environments, explaining the predictions of these models can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Andrea Cossu , Francesco Spinnato , Riccardo Guidotti , Davide Bacciu

Link prediction is a crucial task in many downstream applications of graph machine learning. To this end, Graph Neural Network (GNN) is a widely used technique for link prediction, mainly in transductive settings, where the goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Ahmed E. Samy , Zekarias T. Kefato , Sarunas Girdzijauskas

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques, such as SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), have become essential tools for interpreting complex ensemble tree-based models, especially in high-stakes domains such as healthcare…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Akshat Dubey , Aleksandar Anžel , Bahar İlgen , Georges Hattab

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) holds immense significance in enhancing the deep neural network's transparency and credibility, particularly in some risky and high-cost scenarios, like synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Shapley is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Xuran Hu , Mingzhe Zhu , Yuanjing Liu , Zhenpeng Feng , LJubisa Stankovic

Shapley values have seen widespread use in machine learning as a way to explain model predictions and estimate the importance of covariates. Accurately explaining models is critical in real-world models to both aid in decision making and to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-19 Daniel de Marchi , Michael Kosorok , Scott de Marchi

Model agnostic feature attribution algorithms (such as SHAP and LIME) are ubiquitous techniques for explaining the decisions of complex classification models, such as deep neural networks. However, since complex classification models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Ron Bitton , Alon Malach , Amiel Meiseles , Satoru Momiyama , Toshinori Araki , Jun Furukawa , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

For joint inference over multiple variables, a variety of structured prediction techniques have been developed to model correlations among variables and thereby improve predictions. However, many classical approaches suffer from one of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Colin Graber , Alexander Schwing

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) research gained prominence in recent years in response to the demand for greater transparency and trust in AI from the user communities. This is especially critical because AI is adopted in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Satyam Kumar , Mendhikar Vishal , Vadlamani Ravi

It is becoming increasingly important to explain complex, black-box machine learning models. Although there is an expanding literature on this topic, Shapley values stand out as a sound method to explain predictions from any type of machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-03 Annabelle Redelmeier , Martin Jullum , Kjersti Aas

The use of Shap scores has become widespread in Explainable AI. However, their computation is in general intractable, in particular when done with a black-box classifier, such as neural network. Recent research has unveiled classes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Leopoldo Bertossi , Jorge E. Leon

Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their superior predictive performance by combining both spatial and temporal information. However, how these models utilize the information to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Lea-Marie Sussek , Stefan Heindorf

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are popular machine learning models for graphs with many applications across scientific domains. However, GNNs are considered black box models, and it is challenging to understand how the model makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Selahattin Akkas , Ariful Azad

Shapley values have become one of the go-to methods to explain complex models to end-users. They provide a model agnostic post-hoc explanation with foundations in game theory: what is the worth of a player (in machine learning, a feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Joran Michiels , Maarten De Vos , Johan Suykens

With the advent of GDPR, the domain of explainable AI and model interpretability has gained added impetus. Methods to extract and communicate visibility into decision-making models have become legal requirement. Two specific types of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Shubham Rathi

Besides accuracy, recent studies on machine learning models have been addressing the question on how the obtained results can be interpreted. Indeed, while complex machine learning models are able to provide very good results in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Guilherme Dean Pelegrina , Leonardo Tomazeli Duarte , Michel Grabisch

This paper proposes probabilistic conformal prediction (PCP), a predictive inference algorithm that estimates a target variable by a discontinuous predictive set. Given inputs, PCP construct the predictive set based on random samples from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-22 Zhendong Wang , Ruijiang Gao , Mingzhang Yin , Mingyuan Zhou , David M. Blei
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