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Direct alignment algorithms have proven an effective step for aligning language models to human-desired behaviors. Current variants of the Direct Preference Optimization objective have focused on a strict setting where all tokens are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Fenia Christopoulou , Ronald Cardenas , Gerasimos Lampouras , Haitham Bou-Ammar , Jun Wang

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) aim to recommend relevant items to users by eliciting user preference through natural language conversation. Prior work often utilizes external knowledge graphs for items' semantic information, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Mathieu Ravaut , Hao Zhang , Lu Xu , Aixin Sun , Yong Liu

Inferring evaluation scores based on human judgments is invaluable compared to using current evaluation metrics which are not suitable for real-time applications e.g. post-editing. However, these judgments are much more expensive to collect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Ibrahim Sabek , Noha A. Yousri , Nagwa Elmakky , Mona Habib

Speech enhancement techniques improve the quality or the intelligibility of an audio signal by removing unwanted noise. It is used as preprocessing in numerous applications such as speech recognition, hearing aids, broadcasting and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-05 Angélica S. Z. Suárez , Clément Laroche , Line H. Clemmensen , Sneha Das

Applying large language models (LLMs) to assist in psycho-counseling is an emerging and meaningful approach, driven by the significant gap between patient needs and the availability of mental health support. However, current LLMs struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mian Zhang , Shaun M. Eack , Zhiyu Zoey Chen

In speech emotion recognition (SER), using predefined features without considering their practical importance may lead to high dimensional datasets, including redundant and irrelevant information. Consequently, high-dimensional learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Alaa Nfissi , Wassim Bouachir , Nizar Bouguila , Brian Mishara

Recent approaches in Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) have tried to simulate real-world users engaging in conversations with CRSs to create more realistic testing environments that reflect the complexity of human-agent dialogue.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Sunghwan Kim , Kwangwook Seo , Tongyoung Kim , Jinyoung Yeo , Dongha Lee

While improvements have been made in automatic speech recognition performance over the last several years, machines continue to have significantly lower performance on accented speech than humans. In addition, the most significant…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Xiangyun Chu , Elizabeth Combs , Amber Wang , Michael Picheny

Personalized image preference assessment aims to evaluate an individual user's image preferences by relying only on a small set of reference images as prior information. Existing methods mainly focus on general preference assessment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Shengqi Xu , Xinpeng Zhou , Yabo Zhang , Ming Liu , Tao Liang , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Zuxuan Wu , Wangmeng Zuo

This paper investigates simultaneous preference and metric learning from a crowd of respondents. A set of items represented by $d$-dimensional feature vectors and paired comparisons of the form ``item $i$ is preferable to item $j$'' made by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-11 Gregory Canal , Blake Mason , Ramya Korlakai Vinayak , Robert Nowak

Recent advances in Speech Large Language Models (Speech LLMs) have led to great progress in speech understanding tasks such as Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Speech Emotion Recognition (SER). However, whether these models can…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chen Li , Peiji Yang , Yicheng Zhong , Jianxing Yu , Zhisheng Wang , Zihao Gou , Wenqing Chen , Jian Yin

Since the rise of neural natural-language-to-code models (NL->Code) that can generate long expressions and statements rather than a single next-token, one of the major problems has been reliably evaluating their generated output. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shuyan Zhou , Uri Alon , Sumit Agarwal , Graham Neubig

Automated scoring of student responses to open-ended questions, including short-answer questions, has great potential to scale to a large number of responses. Recent approaches for automated scoring rely on supervised learning, i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Mengxue Zhang , Neil Heffernan , Andrew Lan

Preference learning has gained significant attention in tasks involving subjective human judgments, such as \emph{speech emotion recognition} (SER) and image aesthetic assessment. While pairwise frameworks such as RankNet offer robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Abinay Reddy Naini , Fernando Diaz , Carlos Busso

One objective of Speech Quality Assessment (SQA) is to estimate the ranks of synthetic speech systems. However, recent SQA models are typically trained using low-precision direct scores such as mean opinion scores (MOS) as the training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-30 Cheng-Hung Hu , Yusuke Yasuda , Tomoki Toda

Learning from preference feedback is a common practice for aligning large language models~(LLMs) with human value. Conventionally, preference data is learned and encoded into a scalar reward model that connects a value head with an LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ziyi Ye , Xiangsheng Li , Qiuchi Li , Qingyao Ai , Yujia Zhou , Wei Shen , Dong Yan , Yiqun Liu

Open-domain generative dialogue systems have attracted considerable attention over the past few years. Currently, how to automatically evaluate them, is still a big challenge problem. As far as we know, there are three kinds of automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Tian Lan , Xian-Ling Mao , Wei Wei , Xiaoyan Gao , Heyan Huang

The process of meaning composition, wherein smaller units like morphemes or words combine to form the meaning of phrases and sentences, is essential for human sentence comprehension. Despite extensive neurolinguistic research into the brain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Changjiang Gao , Jixing Li , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Human preference judgments are pivotal in guiding large language models (LLMs) to produce outputs that align with human values. Human evaluations are also used in summarization tasks to compare outputs from various systems, complementing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yebowen Hu , Kaiqiang Song , Sangwoo Cho , Xiaoyang Wang , Hassan Foroosh , Fei Liu

Learning from human feedback has enabled the alignment of language models (LMs) with human preferences. However, collecting human preferences is expensive and time-consuming, with highly variable annotation quality. An appealing alternative…

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