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Magnetic structures of the noncentrosymmetric magnet Sr$_2$MnSi$_2$O$_7$ were examined through neutron diffraction for powder and single-crystalline samples, as well as magnetometry measurements. All allowed magnetic structures under the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-08 Y. Nambu , M. Kawamata , X. Pang , H. Murakawa , M. Avdeev , H. Kimura , H. Masuda , N. Hanasaki , Y. Onose

For over 100 years, the group-theoretic characterization of crystalline solids has provided the foundational language for diverse problems in physics and chemistry. However, the group theory of crystals with commensurate magnetic order has…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 Luis Elcoro , Benjamin J. Wieder , Zhida Song , Yuanfeng Xu , Barry Bradlyn , B. Andrei Bernevig

The representation theory of the symmetric groups is intimately related to geometry, algebraic combinatorics, and Lie theory. The spin representation theory of the symmetric groups was originally developed by Schur. In these lecture notes,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-15 Jinkui Wan , Weiqiang Wang

Two-dimensional unconventional magnetism has recently attracted growing interest due to its intriguing physical properties and promising applications in spintronics. However, existing studies on stacking-induced unconventional magnetism…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-13 Jun-Xi Du , Sike Zeng , Yu-Jun Zhao

We show that all spin groups of non-definite, quinary quadratic forms over a field with characteristic 0 can be represented as 2 by 2 matrices with entries in an associated quaternion algebra. Over local and global fields, we further study…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-30 Arseniy Sheydvasser

We introduce a classification of the radial spin textures in momentum space that emerge at high-symmetry points in crystals characterized by non-polar chiral point groups ($D_2$, $D_3$, $D_4$, $D_6$, $T$, $O$). Based on the symmetry…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-11-20 Daniel Gosálbez-Martínez , Alberto Crepaldi , Oleg V. Yazyev

Materials with interesting physical properties are often designed based on our understanding of the target physical effects. The physical properties can be either explicitly observed ("apparent") or concealed by the perceived symmetry…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-03 Jia-Xin Xiong , Xiuwen Zhang , Lin-Ding Yuan , Alex Zunger

In a space of $d=15 $ Grassmann coordinates, two types of generators of the Lorentz transformations, one of spinorial and the other of vectorial character, both linear operators in Grassmann space, forming the group $ SO(1,14) $ which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Norma Mankoč Borštnik , Svjetlana Fajfer

The monograph offers a coherent and self-contained treatment of massless (ladder) representations of the conformal group U(2,2) and their restriction to the de Sitter group Sp(2,2), combining rigorous representation-theoretic analysis with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Jean-Pierre Gazeau , Hamed Pejhan , Ivan Todorov

The symmetries described by Pin groups are the result of combining a finite number of discrete reflections in (hyper)planes. The current work shows how an analysis using geometric algebra provides a picture complementary to that of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Martin Roelfs , Steven De Keninck

We present a systematic classification of emergent particles in all 528 magnetic layer groups and 394 magnetic rod groups, which describe two-dimensional and one-dimensional crystals respectively. Our approach is via constructing a…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-13 Zeying Zhang , Weikang Wu , Gui-Bin Liu , Zhi-Ming Yu , Shengyuan A. Yang , Yugui Yao

The canonical quantisation of General Relativity including matter on a spacetime manifold in the globally hyperbolic setting involves in particular the representation theory of the spatial diffeomorphism group (SDG), and/or its Lie algebra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-03 Thomas Thiemann

Properties of a given symmetry group G are very important in investigation of a physical system invariant under its action. In the case of finite spin systems (magnetic rings, some planar macromolecules) the symmetry group is isomorphic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Buckiewicz , L. Dȩbski , W. Florek

The representation theory of tensor functions is essential to constitutive modeling of materials including both mechanical and physical behaviors. Generally, material symmetry is incorporated in the tensor functions through a structural or…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Mohammad Madadi , Lin Cheng , Pu Zhang

This article is a write-up of the talk given in one of the mini-symposia of the 2024 European Congress of Mathematicians. I will explain some basics of the representation theory underlying Spin(10) and SU(5) Grand Unified Theories. I will…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-22 Kirill Krasnov

In three-dimensional (3D) crystals, emergent particles arise when two or multiple bands contact and form degeneracy (band crossing) in the Brillouin zone. Recently a complete classification of emergent particles in 3D nonmagnetic crystals,…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-02-16 Gui-Bin Liu , Zeying Zhang , Zhi-Ming Yu , Shengyuan A. Yang , Yugui Yao

There are two well-known ways of describing elements of the rotation group SO$(m)$. First, according to the Cartan-Dieudonn\'e theorem, every rotation matrix can be written as an even number of reflections. And second, they can also be…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Hennie De Schepper , Alí Guzmán Adán , Frank Sommen

Magnetic order is a fundamental property of materials, governing collective behavior and enabling a broad range of functionalities. Yet magnetic structure remains difficult to determine: experiments are costly and specialized, while…

A group theoretical description of basic discrete symmetries (space inversion P, time reversal T and charge conjugation C) is given. Discrete subgroups of orthogonal groups of multidimensional spaces over the fields of real and complex…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. V. Varlamov

We propose a new classification of magnetic textures from the viewpoint of differential geometry. Magnetic textures are conventionally classified into collinear, coplanar, and noncoplanar magnets. These classes are typically characterized…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-09 Koki Shinada , Naoto Nagaosa