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Deep learning (DL) is becoming popular as a new tool for many applications in wireless communication systems. However, for many classification tasks (e.g., modulation classification) it has been shown that DL-based wireless systems are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-29 B. R. Manoj , Meysam Sadeghi , Erik G. Larsson

This paper examines the vulnerabilities of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to adversarial attacks and explores a method for their safeguarding. In this study, CNNs were implemented on four of the most common image datasets, namely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Koushik Chowdhury

The nature of deep neural networks has given rise to a variety of attacks, but little work has been done to address the effect of adversarial attacks on segmentation models trained on MRI datasets. In light of the grave consequences that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Zhongxuan Wang , Leo Xu

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) identifies the operating status and energy consumption of each electrical device in the circuit by analyzing the electrical signals at the bus, which is of great significance for smart power management.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Olimjon Toirov , Wei Yu

Adversarial attacks make their success in DNNs, and among them, gradient-based algorithms become one of the mainstreams. Based on the linearity hypothesis, under $\ell_\infty$ constraint, $sign$ operation applied to the gradients is a good…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Yaya Cheng , Jingkuan Song , Xiaosu Zhu , Qilong Zhang , Lianli Gao , Heng Tao Shen

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a well-known single-channel blind source separation problem that aims to decompose the household energy consumption into itemised energy usage of individual appliances. In this way, considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Yu Zhang , Guoming Tang , Qianyi Huang , Yi Wang , Hong Xu

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is a practical method to provide appliance-level electricity consumption information. Event detection, as an important part of event-based NILM methods, has a direct impact on the accuracy of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-25 Mengqi Lu , Zuyi Li

Time series anomaly detection is extensively studied in statistics, economics, and computer science. Over the years, numerous methods have been proposed for time series anomaly detection using deep learning-based methods. Many of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Shahroz Tariq , Binh M. Le , Simon S. Woo

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is the process of obtaining appliance-level data from a single metering point, measuring total electricity consumption of a household or a business. Appliance-level data can be directly used for demand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Anže Pirnat , Blaž Bertalanič , Gregor Cerar , Mihael Mohorčič , Carolina Fortuna

Adversarial examples can represent a serious threat to machine learning (ML) algorithms. If used to manipulate the behaviour of ML-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), they can jeopardize network security. In this work, we aim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nasim Soltani , Shayan Nejadshamsi , Zakaria Abou El Houda , Raphael Khoury , Kelton A. P. Costa , Tiago H. Falk , Anderson R. Avila

The reliance on deep learning algorithms has grown significantly in recent years. Yet, these models are highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which introduce visually imperceptible perturbations into testing data to induce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Rajeev Sahay , Rehana Mahfuz , Aly El Gamal

Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to the benign input. After achieving nearly 100% attack success rates in white-box setting, more focus is shifted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Xu Han , Anmin Liu , Chenxuan Yao , Yanbo Fan , Kun He

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) has been extensively researched over the last decade. The objective of NILM is to identify the power consumption of individual appliances and to detect when particular devices are on or off from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Jordan Holweger , Marina Dorokhova , Lionel Bloch , Christophe Ballif , Nicolas Wyrsch

Malware detection models based on deep learning have been widely used, but recent research shows that deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks are to deceive the deep learning model by generating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Kun Li , Fan Zhang , Wei Guo

Deep Learning (DL) and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used in various domains. However, adversarial attacks can easily mislead a neural network and lead to wrong decisions. Defense mechanisms are highly preferred in safety-critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Wenkai Tan , Justus Renkhoff , Alvaro Velasquez , Ziyu Wang , Lusi Li , Jian Wang , Shuteng Niu , Fan Yang , Yongxin Liu , Houbing Song

We consider the problem of learning the energy disaggregation signals for residential load data. Such task is referred as non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), and in order to find individual devices' power consumption profiles based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Ruohong Liu , Yize Chen

Machine learning is a powerful tool for building predictive models. However, it is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) attacks are a common type of adversarial attack that adds small perturbations to input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amir Hossein Khorasani , Ali Jahanian , Maryam Rastgarpour

Gradient-based adversarial attacks subtly manipulate inputs of Machine Learning (ML) models to induce incorrect predictions. This paper investigates whether careful architectural choices alone can yield an inherently robust Deep Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mohamed elShehaby , Ashraf Matrawy

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) helps meet energy conservation goals by estimating individual appliance power usage from a single aggregate measurement. Deep neural networks have become increasingly popular in attempting to solve NILM…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-20 Alon Harell , Stephen Makonin , Ivan V. Bajić

In recent times, non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) has emerged as an important tool for distribution-level energy management systems owing to its potential for energy conservation and management. However, load monitoring in smart…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-01 Himanshu Grover , Lokesh Panwar , Ashu Verma , B. K. Panigrahi , T. S. Bhatti