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We train a recurrent neural network language model using a distributed, on-device learning framework called federated learning for the purpose of next-word prediction in a virtual keyboard for smartphones. Server-based training using…

We consider a federated learning (FL) system consisting of multiple clients and a server, where the clients aim to collaboratively learn a common decision model from their distributed data. Unlike the conventional FL framework that assumes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Kun Jin , Tongxin Yin , Zhongzhu Chen , Zeyu Sun , Xueru Zhang , Yang Liu , Mingyan Liu

Federated Learning enables one to jointly train a machine learning model across distributed clients holding sensitive datasets. In real-world settings, this approach is hindered by expensive communication and privacy concerns. Both of these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-19 Constance Beguier , Mathieu Andreux , Eric W. Tramel

Privacy and regulatory barriers often hinder centralized machine learning solutions, particularly in sectors like healthcare where data cannot be freely shared. Federated learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm to address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Alexandre Cotorobai , Jorge Miguel Silva , Jose Luis Oliveira

Federated Learning (FL) is a variant of distributed learning where edge devices collaborate to learn a model without sharing their data with the central server or each other. We refer to the process of training multiple independent models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Neelkamal Bhuyan , Sharayu Moharir , Gauri Joshi

The classical machine learning paradigm requires the aggregation of user data in a central location where machine learning practitioners can preprocess data, calculate features, tune models and evaluate performance. The advantage of this…

With an increase of dataset availability, the potential for learning from a variety of data sources has increased. One particular method to improve learning from multiple data sources is to embed the data source during training. This allows…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Rob van der Goot , Miryam de Lhoneux

Federated learning has emerged in the last decade as a distributed optimization paradigm due to the rapidly increasing number of portable devices able to support the heavy computational needs related to the training of machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Emanuel Buttaci , Giuseppe Carlo Calafiore

Artificial Intelligence for scientific applications increasingly requires training large models on data that cannot be centralized due to privacy constraints, data sovereignty, or the sheer volume of data generated. Federated learning (FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yijiang Li , Zilinghan Li , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster , Todd Munson , Ravi Madduri , Kibaek Kim

We propose a new optimization formulation for training federated learning models. The standard formulation has the form of an empirical risk minimization problem constructed to find a single global model trained from the private data stored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Filip Hanzely , Peter Richtárik

Foundational models (FMs), pretrained on extensive datasets using self-supervised techniques, are capable of learning generalized patterns from large amounts of data. This reduces the need for extensive labeled datasets for each new task,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Quan M. Tran , Suong N. Hoang , Lam M. Nguyen , Dzung Phan , Hoang Thanh Lam

Federated learning has recently gained popularity as a framework for distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model using local data. While traditional federated learning relies on a central server for model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 I-Cheng Lin , Osman Yagan , Carlee Joe-Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu

Although deep federated learning has received much attention in recent years, progress has been made mainly in the context of natural images and barely for computational pathology. However, deep federated learning is an opportunity to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-30 Nicolas Wagner , Moritz Fuchs , Yuri Tolkach , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Federated Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Federated RAG) combines Federated Learning (FL), which enables distributed model training without exposing raw data, with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which improves the factual accuracy of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Abhijit Chakraborty , Chahana Dahal , Vivek Gupta

Current federated learning (FL) approaches view decentralized training data as a single table, divided among participants either horizontally (by rows) or vertically (by columns). However, these approaches are inadequate for handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lijie Xu , Chulin Xie , Yiran Guo , Gustavo Alonso , Bo Li , Guoliang Li , Wei Wang , Wentao Wu , Ce Zhang

Federated learning is a learning paradigm to enable collaborative learning across different parties without revealing raw data. Notably, vertical federated learning (VFL), where parties share the same set of samples but only hold partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Zhaomin Wu , Qinbin Li , Bingsheng He

Data privacy concerns has made centralized training of data, which is scattered across silos, infeasible, leading to the need for collaborative learning frameworks. To address that, two prominent frameworks emerged, i.e., federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Tianchen Zhou , Zhanyi Hu , Bingzhe Wu , Cen Chen

Federated Learning (FL) enables distributed machine learning training while preserving privacy, representing a paradigm shift for data-sensitive and decentralized environments. Despite its rapid advancements, FL remains a complex and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Frederico Vicente , Cláudia Soares , Dušan Jakovetić

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to generate synthetic datasets for the evaluation and training of downstream models. However, prior work has noted that such generated data lacks diversity. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Avinash Amballa , Yashas Malur Saidutta , Chi-Heng Lin , Vivek Kulkarni , Srinivas Chappidi