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An explicit representation formula for all positive ancient solutions of the heat equation in the Euclidean case is found. In the Riemannian case with nonnegative Ricci curvature, a similar but less explicit formula is also found. Here it…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Fanghua Lin , Qi S. Zhang

Let $(X,\mathbf{q},\mu)$ be an ultra-RD-space with upper dimension $n\in(0,\infty)$; i.e., it is a quasi-ultrametric space of homogeneous type whose measure $\mu$ satisfies an additional reverse doubling property. Let…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Chenfeng Zhu , Ryan Alvarado , Xianjie Yan , Dachun Yang , Wen Yuan

We characterize the rearrangement invariant spaces for which there exists a non-constant fixed point, for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator (the case for the spaces $L^p(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ was first considered by Korry in \cite{Ko}). The…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joaquim Martin , Javier Soria

The aim of this paper is twofold. - In the setting of RCD(K,$\infty$) metric measure spaces, we derive uniform gradient and Laplacian contraction estimates along solutions of the viscous approximation of the Hamilton--Jacobi equation. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-16 Nicola Gigli , Luca Tamanini , Dario Trevisan

Let $\Delta$ be the Laplace--Beltrami operator acting on a non-doubling manifold with two ends $\mathbb R^m \sharp \mathcal R^n$ with $m > n \ge 3$. Let $\frak{h}_t(x,y)$ be the kernels of the semigroup $e^{-t\Delta}$ generated by $\Delta$.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-11-27 The Anh Bui , Xuan Thinh Duong , Ji Li , Brett D. Wick

We establish a characterization of the Hardy spaces on the homogeneous groups in terms of the Littlewood-Paley functions. The proof is based on vector-valued inequalities shown by applying the Peetre maximal function.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-05-13 Shuichi Sato

Let $v \ne 0$ be a vector in $\R^n$. Consider the Laplacian on $\R^n$ with drift $\Delta_{v} = \Delta + 2v\cdot \nabla$ and the measure $d\mu(x) = e^{2 \langle v, x \rangle} dx$, with respect to which $\Delta_{v}$ is self-adjoint. This…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-01-19 Hong-Quan Li , Peter Sjögren

We prove novel (local) square function/Carleson measure estimates for non-negative solutions to the evolutionary $p$-Laplace equation in the complement of parabolic Ahlfors-David regular sets. In the case of the heat equation, the Laplace…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-09-15 Kaj Nyström

Let $(-\Delta)_c^s$ be the realization of the fractional Laplace operator on the space of continuous functions $C_0(\mathbb{R})$, and let $(-\Delta_h)^s$ denote the discrete fractional Laplacian on $C_0(\mathbb{Z}_h)$, where $0<s<1$ and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-10-25 Harbir Antil , Carlos Lizama , Rodrigo Ponce , Mahamadi Warma

We prove sharp inequalities for the symmetric-decreasing rearrangement in Fourier space of functions in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Our main result can be applied to a general class of (pseudo-)differential operators in $\mathbb{R}^d$ of arbitrary…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Enno Lenzmann , Jérémy Sok

We consider weak positive solutions to the critical $p$-Laplace equation with Hardy potential in $\mathbb R^N$ $$-\Delta_p u -\frac{\gamma}{|x|^p} u^{p-1}=u^{p^*-1}$$ where $1<p<N$, $0\le \gamma <\left(\frac{N-p}{p}\right)^p$ and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Francescantonio Oliva , Berardino Sciunzi , Giusi Vaira

Let $V$ be a finite set, $E \subset 2^{V} $ be a set of hyperedges, and $w : E \to (0, \infty)$ be an edge weight. On the (wighted) hypergraph $G = (V ,E ,w )$, we can define a multivalued nonlinear operator $L_{G,p}$ ($p \in [1 ,\infty )$)…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Masahiro Ikeda , Shun Uchida

We review some results on the logarithmic convexity for evolution equations, a well-known method in inverse and ill-posed problems. We start with the classical case of self-adjoint operators. Then, we analyze the case of analytic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-26 S. E. Chorfi

The best constant in the usual Lp norm inequality for the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function on R1 is obtained for the class of all ``peak-shaped'' functions. A positive function on the line is called ``peak-shaped'' if it is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-02-03 L. Grafakos , Stephen J. Montgomery-Smith , O. Motrunich

We consider the Cauchy problem for a $3$-evolution operator $P$ with $(t,x)$-depending coefficients and complex valued lower order terms. We assume the initial data to be Gevrey regular and to admit an exponential decay at infinity, that…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Alexandre Arias Junior , Alessia Ascanelli , Marco Cappiello

Let P be a linear, second order, elliptic operator satisfying a Hardy inequality with potential W (i.e. $P-W\geq0$) and best constant $\alpha$. We give conditions so that the spectrum of $W^{-1}P$ is $[\alpha,\infty)$. We apply this to…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-09 Baptiste Devyver

For linear parabolic initial-boundary value problems with self-adjoint, time-homogeneous elliptic spatial operator in divergence form with Lipschitz-continuous coefficients, and for incompatible, time-analytic forcing term in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-23 Ilaria Perugia , Christoph Schwab , Marco Zank

We study eigenfunctions of the Laplace--Beltrami operator \(\Delta_X\) in exterior domains \(\Omega\) of rank-one Riemannian symmetric spaces of noncompact type \(X\), a class that includes all hyperbolic spaces. Extending the classical…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Pritam Ganguly

We establish Hardy--Littlewood inequalities for the Heckman--Opdam transform associated to a general root datum $(\mathfrak{a},\Sigma,m)$ that generalizes an analogous result for the spherical Fourier transform on a Riemannian symmetric…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-01-27 Troels Roussau Johansen

Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, assuming that the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on $X$ and is bounded on the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-11-13 Der-Chen Chang , Songbai Wang , Dachun Yang , Yangyang Zhang