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Software vulnerabilities have a large negative impact on the software systems that we depend on daily. Reports on software vulnerabilities always paint a grim picture, with some reports showing that 83% of organizations depend on vulnerable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Mahmoud Alfadel , Diego Elias Costa , Mouafak Mokhallalati , Emad Shihab , Bram Adams

Open-source software (OSS) has become increasingly more popular across different domains. However, this rapid development and widespread adoption come with a security cost. The growing complexity and openness of OSS ecosystems have led to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Seyed Ali Akhavani , Behzad Ousat , Amin Kharraz

High Performance Computing~(HPC) software stacks have become complex, with the dependencies of some applications numbering in the hundreds. Packaging, distributing, and administering software stacks of that scale is a complex undertaking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Farid Zakaria , Thomas R. W. Scogland , Todd Gamblin , Carlos Maltzahn

Software developers typically rely upon a large network of dependencies to build their applications. For instance, the NPM package repository contains over 3 million packages and serves tens of billions of downloads weekly. Understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Donald Pinckney , Federico Cassano , Arjun Guha , Jonathan Bell

This paper examines software vulnerabilities in common Python packages used particularly for web development. The empirical dataset is based on the PyPI package repository and the so-called Safety DB used to track vulnerabilities in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jukka Ruohonen

Reusable software components, typically distributed as packages, are a central paradigm of modern software development. The JavaScript ecosystem serves as a prime example, offering millions of packages with their use being promoted as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ben Swierzy , Marc Ohm , Michael Meier

Malicious software packages in open-source ecosystems, such as PyPI, pose growing security risks. Unlike traditional vulnerabilities, these packages are intentionally designed to deceive users, making detection challenging due to evolving…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Motunrayo Ibiyo , Thinakone Louangdy , Phuong T. Nguyen , Claudio Di Sipio , Davide Di Ruscio

Third-party library reuse has become common practice in contemporary software development, as it includes several benefits for developers. Library dependencies are constantly evolving, with newly added features and patches that fix bugs in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Raula Gaikovina Kula , Daniel M. German , Ali Ouni , Takashi Ishio , Katsuro Inoue

Python is widely used in the open-source community, largely owing to the extensive support from diverse third-party libraries within the PyPI ecosystem. Nevertheless, the utilization of third-party libraries can potentially lead to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Yun Peng , Ruida Hu , Ruoke Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Shuqing Li , Michael R. Lyu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an essential tool in the programmer's toolkit, but their tendency to hallucinate code can be used by malicious actors to introduce vulnerabilities to broad swathes of the software supply chain. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Arjun Krishna , Erick Galinkin , Leon Derczynski , Jeffrey Martin

The open-source software (OSS) ecosystem suffers from security threats caused by malware.However, OSS malware research has three limitations: a lack of high-quality datasets, a lack of malware diversity, and a lack of attack campaign…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Xiaoyan Zhou , Ying Zhang , Wenjia Niu , Jiqiang Liu , Haining Wang , Qiang Li

Large language model (LLM) services have recently begun offering a plugin ecosystem to interact with third-party API services. This innovation enhances the capabilities of LLMs, but it also introduces risks, as these plugins developed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Wanru Zhao , Vidit Khazanchi , Haodi Xing , Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Nicholas Donald Lane

With the popularity of software ecosystems, the number of open source components (known as packages) has grown rapidly. Identifying high-quality and well-maintained packages from a large pool of packages to depend on is a basic and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Suhaib Mujahid , Rabe Abdalkareem , Emad Shihab

Third-party libraries with rich functionalities facilitate the fast development of Node.js software, but also bring new security threats that vulnerabilities could be introduced through dependencies. In particular, the threats could be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Chengwei Liu , Sen Chen , Lingling Fan , Bihuan Chen , Yang Liu , Xin Peng

LLM-powered coding agents increasingly make software supply chain decisions. They generate imports, recommend packages, and write installation commands. Prior work showed that these systems can hallucinate non-existent package names, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiyong Liu , Chia-Yi Hsu , Chun-Ying Huang , Michael Backes , Rui Wen , Chia-Mu Yu

Open-source software (OSS) supply chain security has become a topic of concern for organizations. Patching an OSS vulnerability can require updating other dependent software products in addition to the original package. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Cadence Patrick , Kimberly Ruth , Zakir Durumeric

With the wave of high-profile supply chain attacks targeting development and client organizations, supply chain security has recently become a focal point. As a result, there is an elevated discussion on securing the development environment…

Malicious Python packages make software supply chains vulnerable by exploiting trust in open-source repositories like Python Package Index (PyPI). Lack of real-time behavioral monitoring makes metadata inspection and static code analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sk Tanzir Mehedi , Chadni Islam , Gowri Ramachandran , Raja Jurdak

As the default package manager for Node.js, npm has become one of the largest package management systems in the world. To facilitate dependency management for developers, npm supports a special type of dependency, Peer Dependency, whose…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xingyu Wang , Mingsen Wang , Wenbo Shen , Rui Chang

Modern software systems rely on dependency networks of reusable libraries, where breaking changes propagate and cause downstream consumers to fail. Despite growing research across ecosystems, no comprehensive synthesis exists. We conduct a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Juntao Chen , Tingting Bi , Yanlin Wang , Patanamon Thongtanunam