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The Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is one of the models used for the multi-row layout problem with facilities of equal area. There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-05-21 Hosein Azarbonyad , Reza Babazadeh

We propose a new approach for unsupervised alignment of heterogeneous datasets, which maps data from two different domains without any known correspondences to a common metric space. Our method is based on an unbalanced optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Florian Beier , Moritz Piening , Robert Beinert , Gabriele Steidl

Gromov--Wasserstein (GW) distances compare graphs, shapes, and point clouds through internal distances, without requiring a common coordinate system. This invariance is powerful, but discrete GW is a nonconvex quadratic optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ao Xu , Tieru Wu

Optimal Transport is a theory that allows to define geometrical notions of distance between probability distributions and to find correspondences, relationships, between sets of points. Many machine learning applications are derived from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-10 Titouan Vayer

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance, rooted in optimal transport (OT) theory, quantifies dissimilarity between metric measure spaces and provides a framework for aligning heterogeneous datasets. While computational aspects of the GW…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Zhengxin Zhang , Ziv Goldfeld , Youssef Mroueh , Bharath K. Sriperumbudur

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) problem, a variant of the classical optimal transport (OT) problem, has attracted growing interest in the machine learning and data science communities due to its ability to quantify similarity between measures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yikun Bai , Abihith Kothapalli , Hengrong Du , Rocio Diaz Martin , Soheil Kolouri

We present a framework for embedding graph structured data into a vector space, taking into account node features and topology of a graph into the optimal transport (OT) problem. Then we propose a novel distance between two graphs, named…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Dai Hai Nguyen , Koji Tsuda

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) transport problem is a relaxation of classic optimal transport, which seeks a transport between two measures while preserving their internal geometry. Due to meeting this theoretical underpinning, it is a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-14 Florian Beier , Robert Beinert

Gromov--Wasserstein optimal transport (GWOT) aligns metric measure spaces by matching their within-domain relational structures, but large-scale GWOT remains challenging because its objective is nonconvex and projection onto the transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ling Liang , Lei Yang

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) problem is an extension of the classical optimal transport problem to settings where the source and target distributions reside in incomparable spaces, and for which a cost function that attributes the price of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Hoang Anh Tran , Binh Tuan Nguyen , Yong Sheng Soh

Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment provide interpretable geometric frameworks for comparing, transforming, and aggregating heterogeneous datasets -- tasks ubiquitous in data science and machine learning. Because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanjit Dandapanthula , Aleksandr Podkopaev , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas , Ziv Goldfeld

The Procrustes-Wasserstein problem consists in matching two high-dimensional point clouds in an unsupervised setting, and has many applications in natural language processing and computer vision. We consider a planted model with two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-24 Mathieu Even , Luca Ganassali , Jakob Maier , Laurent Massoulié

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance has gained increasing interest in the machine learning community in recent years, as it allows for the comparison of measures in different metric spaces. To overcome the limitations imposed by the equal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yikun Bai , Rocio Diaz Martin , Abihith Kothapalli , Hengrong Du , Xinran Liu , Soheil Kolouri

We introduce Deep Set Linearized Optimal Transport, an algorithm designed for the efficient simultaneous embedding of point clouds into an $L^2-$space. This embedding preserves specific low-dimensional structures within the Wasserstein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Scott Mahan , Caroline Moosmüller , Alexander Cloninger

Dimension reduction algorithms are a crucial part of many data science pipelines, including data exploration, feature creation and selection, and denoising. Despite their wide utilization, many non-linear dimension reduction algorithms are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-06 Ryan Murray , Adam Pickarski

Unsupervised learning aims to capture the underlying structure of potentially large and high-dimensional datasets. Traditionally, this involves using dimensionality reduction (DR) methods to project data onto lower-dimensional spaces or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hugues Van Assel , Cédric Vincent-Cuaz , Nicolas Courty , Rémi Flamary , Pascal Frossard , Titouan Vayer

Feature alignment methods are used in many scientific disciplines for data pooling, annotation, and comparison. As an instance of a permutation learning problem, feature alignment presents significant statistical and computational…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-23 Yanjun Han , Philippe Rigollet , George Stepaniants

Solving point-wise feature correspondence in visual data is a fundamental problem in computer vision. A powerful model that addresses this challenge is to formulate it as graph matching, which entails solving a Quadratic Assignment Problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yongqing Liang , Huijun Han , Xin Li

Matching a source to a target probability measure is often solved by instantiating a linear optimal transport (OT) problem, parameterized by a ground cost function that quantifies discrepancy between points. When these measures live in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Othmane Sebbouh , Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré

Recently used in various machine learning contexts, the Gromov-Wasserstein distance (GW) allows for comparing distributions whose supports do not necessarily lie in the same metric space. However, this Optimal Transport (OT) distance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-21 Titouan Vayer , Rémi Flamary , Romain Tavenard , Laetitia Chapel , Nicolas Courty