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Medical image segmentation is an essential prerequisite for developing healthcare systems, especially for disease diagnosis and treatment planning. On various medical image segmentation tasks, the u-shaped architecture, also known as U-Net,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Jieneng Chen , Yongyi Lu , Qihang Yu , Xiangde Luo , Ehsan Adeli , Yan Wang , Le Lu , Alan L. Yuille , Yuyin Zhou

Currently, this paper is under review in IEEE. Transformers have intrigued the vision research community with their state-of-the-art performance in natural language processing. With their superior performance, transformers have found their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Preetam Ghosh , Swalpa Kumar Roy , Bikram Koirala , Behnood Rasti , Paul Scheunders

Transform and entropy models are the two core components in deep image compression neural networks. Most existing learning-based image compression methods utilize convolutional-based transform, which lacks the ability to model long-range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Atefeh Khoshkhahtinat , Ali Zafari , Piyush M. Mehta , Mohammad Akyash , Hossein Kashiani , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Low-dimensional embeddings are a cornerstone in the modelling and analysis of complex networks. However, most existing approaches for mining network embedding spaces rely on computationally intensive machine learning systems to facilitate…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Alexandros Xenos , Noel-Malod Dognin , Natasa Przulj

Recently, there has been a surge of Transformer-based solutions for the long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) task. Despite the growing performance over the past few years, we question the validity of this line of research in this work.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Ailing Zeng , Muxi Chen , Lei Zhang , Qiang Xu

Transformer-based language models benefit from conditioning on contexts of hundreds to thousands of previous tokens. What aspects of these contexts contribute to accurate model prediction? We describe a series of experiments that measure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Joe O'Connor , Jacob Andreas

Neural Processes (NPs) are popular methods in meta-learning that can estimate predictive uncertainty on target datapoints by conditioning on a context dataset. Previous state-of-the-art method Transformer Neural Processes (TNPs) achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Leo Feng , Hossein Hajimirsadeghi , Yoshua Bengio , Mohamed Osama Ahmed

Deep-learning models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) have been successfully used for process-mining tasks. They have achieved better performance for different predictive tasks than traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Ishwar Venugopal , Jessica Töllich , Michael Fairbank , Ansgar Scherp

The prediction of periodical time-series remains challenging due to various types of data distortions and misalignments. Here, we propose a novel model called Temporal embedding-enhanced convolutional neural Network (TeNet) to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Jiajun Liu , Kun Zhao , Brano Kusy , Ji-rong Wen , Raja Jurdak

Short fixed-length inputs are the main bottleneck of deep learning methods in long time-series forecasting tasks. Prolonging input length causes overfitting, rapidly deteriorating accuracy. Our research indicates that the overfitting is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Chao Ma , Yikai Hou , Xiang Li , Yinggang Sun , Haining Yu

Despite their dominance in modern DL and, especially, NLP domains, transformer architectures exhibit sub-optimal performance on long-range tasks compared to recent layers that are specifically designed for this purpose. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Itamar Zimerman , Lior Wolf

Modern distributed networks, notably transformers, acquire a remarkable ability (termed `in-context learning') to adapt their computation to input statistics, such that a fixed network can be applied to data from a broad range of systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Cole Gibson , Wenping Cui , Gautam Reddy

Time-series data in real-world settings typically exhibit long-range dependencies and are observed at non-uniform intervals. In these settings, traditional sequence-based recurrent models struggle. To overcome this, researchers often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Fernando Moreno-Pino , Álvaro Arroyo , Harrison Waldon , Xiaowen Dong , Álvaro Cartea

Transformer architectures, capable of capturing sequential dependencies in the history of user interactions, have become the dominant approach in sequential recommender systems. Despite their success, such models consider sequence elements…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Artur Gimranov , Viacheslav Yusupov , Elfat Sabitov , Tatyana Matveeva , Anton Lysenko , Ruslan Israfilov , Evgeny Frolov

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been successful in processing data signals that are uniformly sampled in the spatial domain (e.g., images). However, most data signals do not natively exist on a grid, and in the process of being…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Chiyu "Max" Jiang , Dequan Wang , Jingwei Huang , Philip Marcus , Matthias Nießner

Patch-wise Transformer based time series forecasting achieves superior accuracy. However, this superiority relies heavily on intricate model design with massive parameters, rendering both training and inference expensive, thus preventing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Meng Wang , Jintao Yang , Bin Yang , Hui Li , Tongxin Gong , Bo Yang , Jiangtao Cui

Transformer models cannot easily scale to long sequences due to their O(N^2) time and space complexity. This has led to Transformer variants seeking to lower computational complexity, such as Longformer and Performer. While such models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Guanghui Qin , Yukun Feng , Benjamin Van Durme

The performance of transformers for time-series forecasting has improved significantly. Recent architectures learn complex temporal patterns by segmenting a time-series into patches and using the patches as tokens. The patch size controls…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yitian Zhang , Liheng Ma , Soumyasundar Pal , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Transformer based models have shown remarkable capabilities in sequence learning across a wide range of tasks, often performing well on specific task by leveraging input-output examples. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yifan Hao , Chenlu Ye , Chi Han , Tong Zhang

Recent innovations in transformers have shown their superior performance in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). The ability to capture long-range dependencies and interactions in sequential data has also triggered a…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-24 Chu Myaet Thwal , Ye Lin Tun , Kitae Kim , Seong-Bae Park , Choong Seon Hong