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Deep learning has shown its power in many applications, including object detection in images, natural-language understanding, and speech recognition. To make it more accessible to end users, many deep learning models are now embedded in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Yujin Huang , Han Hu , Chunyang Chen

The Android operating system is pervasively adopted as the operating system platform of choice for smart devices. However, the strong adoption has also resulted in exponential growth in the number of Android based malicious software or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Aye Thaw Da Naing , Justin Soh Beng Guan , Yarzar Shwe Win , Jonathan Pan

Malware detection in Android systems requires both cybersecurity expertise and machine learning (ML) techniques. Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) has emerged as an approach to simplify ML development by reducing the need for specialized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Joner Assolin , Gabriel Canto , Diego Kreutz , Eduardo Feitosa , Hendrio Bragança , Angelo Nogueira , Vanderson Rocha

Identifying the tasks a given piece of malware was designed to perform (e.g. logging keystrokes, recording video, establishing remote access, etc.) is a difficult and time-consuming operation that is largely human-driven in practice. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-08 Eric Nunes , Casey Buto , Paulo Shakarian , Christian Lebiere , Stefano Bennati , Robert Thomson , Holger Jaenisch

The widespread adoption of smartphones dramatically increases the risk of attacks and the spread of mobile malware, especially on the Android platform. Machine learning-based solutions have been already used as a tool to supersede…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Rahim Taheri , Reza Javidan , Mohammad Shojafar , Vinod P , Mauro Conti

One of the major and serious threats that the Internet faces today is the vast amounts of data and files which need to be evaluated for potential malicious intent. Malicious software, often referred to as a malware that are designed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Sajedul Talukder

Since the Internet of Things (IoT) is widely adopted using Android applications, detecting malicious Android apps is essential. In recent years, Android graph-based deep learning research has proposed many approaches to extract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Rahul Yumlembam , Biju Issac , Seibu Mary Jacob , Longzhi Yang

As technology advances, Android malware continues to pose significant threats to devices and sensitive data. The open-source nature of the Android OS and the availability of its SDK contribute to this rapid growth. Traditional malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Saleh J. Makkawy , Michael J. De Lucia , Kenneth E. Barner

Despite outstanding results, machine learning-based Android malware detection models struggle with concept drift, where rapidly evolving malware characteristics degrade model effectiveness. This study examines the impact of concept drift on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Ahmed Sabbah , Radi Jarrar , Samer Zein , David Mohaisen

Machine learning-based Android malware detectors often fail in real-world deployment due to domain shift, where models trained on one data source perform poorly on applications from another. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Md Rafid Islam

Due to Android's open source feature and low barriers to entry for developers, millions of developers and third-party organizations have been attracted into the Android ecosystem. However, over 90 percent of mobile malware are found…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Bin Zhao

Due to its open-source nature, the Android operating system has consistently been a primary target for attackers. Learning-based methods have made significant progress in the field of Android malware detection. However, traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Xingyuan Wei , Zijun Cheng , Ning Li , Qiujian Lv , Ziyang Yu , Degang Sun

Research shows that over the last decade, malware has been growing exponentially, causing substantial financial losses to various organizations. Different anti-malware companies have been proposing solutions to defend attacks from these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Hemant Rathore , Swati Agarwal , Sanjay K. Sahay , Mohit Sewak

Ransomware constitutes a significant threat to the Android operating system. It can either lock or encrypt the target devices, and victims are forced to pay ransoms to restore their data. Hence, the prompt detection of such attacks has a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Michele Scalas , Davide Maiorca , Francesco Mercaldo , Corrado Aaron Visaggio , Fabio Martinelli , Giorgio Giacinto

In recent years, learning-based Android malware detection has seen significant advancements, with detectors generally falling into three categories: string-based, image-based, and graph-based approaches. While these methods have shown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Doan Minh Trung , Tien Duc Anh Hao , Luong Hoang Minh , Nghi Hoang Khoa , Nguyen Tan Cam , Van-Hau Pham , Phan The Duy

Machine Learning (ML) promises to enhance the efficacy of Android Malware Detection (AMD); however, ML models are vulnerable to realistic evasion attacks--crafting realizable Adversarial Examples (AEs) that satisfy Android malware domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Hamid Bostani , Zhengyu Zhao , Zhuoran Liu , Veelasha Moonsamy

The persistent threat of Android malware presents a serious challenge to the security of millions of users globally. While many machine learning-based methods have been developed to detect these threats, their reliance on large labeled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 M. Tahir Akdeniz , Zeynep Yeşilkaya , İ. Enes Köse , İ. Ulaş Ünal , Sevil Şen

The continued evolution and diversity of malware constitutes a major threat in modern systems. It is well proven that security defenses currently available are ineffective to mitigate the skills and imagination of cyber-criminals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Irina Baptista , Stavros Shiaeles , Nicholas Kolokotronis

Android is among the most targeted platform by attackers. While attackers are improving their techniques, traditional solutions based on static and dynamic analysis have been also evolving. In addition to the application code, Android…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Sevil Sen , Burcu Can

Following the increasing popularity of mobile ecosystems, cybercriminals have increasingly targeted them, designing and distributing malicious apps that steal information or cause harm to the device's owner. Aiming to counter them,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Lucky Onwuzurike , Mario Almeida , Enrico Mariconti , Jeremy Blackburn , Gianluca Stringhini , Emiliano De Cristofaro