Related papers: Can We Trust Race Prediction?

Social science research has shown that candidates with names indicative of certain races or genders often face discrimination in employment practices. Similarly, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated racial and gender biases in…

An effective ranking model usually requires a large amount of training data to learn the relevance between documents and queries. User clicks are often used as training data since they can indicate relevance and are cheap to collect, but…

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) have a tendency to memorize patterns and biases present in their training data, raising important questions about how such memorized content influences model behavior. One such…

As LLMs continue to scale, improving training efficiency increasingly depends on using data more effectively. Data selection addresses this problem by allocating a limited training budget to samples that best promote a target behavior.…

This paper introduces distribution-based prediction, a novel approach to using Large Language Models (LLMs) as predictive tools by interpreting output token probabilities as distributions representing the models' learned representation of…

The real-world capabilities of objective speech quality measures are limited since current measures (1) are developed from simulated data that does not adequately model real environments; or they (2) predict objective scores that are not…

In many sequential tasks, a model needs to remember relevant events from the distant past to make correct predictions. Unfortunately, a straightforward application of gradient based training requires intermediate computations to be stored…

Higher penetration of renewable and smart home technologies at the residential level challenges grid stability as utility-customer interactions add complexity to power system operations. In response, short-term residential load forecasting…

Predictive analytics is increasingly used to guide decision-making in many applications. However, in practice, we often have limited data on the true predictive task of interest, and must instead rely on more abundant data on a…

As biological gender is one of the aspects of presenting individual human, much work has been done on gender classification based on people names. The proposals for English and Chinese languages are tremendous; still, there have been few…

The presence of bacteria or fungi in the bloodstream of patients is abnormal and can lead to life-threatening conditions. A computational model based on a bidirectional long short-term memory artificial neural network, is explored to assist…

In many domains, it is difficult to obtain the race data that is required to estimate racial disparity. To address this problem, practitioners have adopted the use of proxy methods which predict race using non-protected covariates. However,…

Large language models are increasingly used to predict human preferences in both scientific and business endeavors, yet current approaches rely exclusively on analyzing model outputs without considering the underlying mechanisms. Using…

Deep learning (DL) models, a specialized class of multilayer neural networks, have become central to time-series forecasting in critical domains such as environmental monitoring and the Internet of Things (IoT). Among these, Bidirectional…

Human vision can distinguish between a vast spectrum of colours, estimated to be between 2 to 7 million discernible shades. However, this impressive range does not inherently imply that all these colours have been precisely named and…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance, leading to their widespread adoption as decision-support tools in resource-constrained contexts like hiring and admissions. There is, however, scientific consensus that AI…

This paper introduces a novel method for real-time exercise classification using a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) neural network. Existing exercise recognition approaches often rely on synthetic datasets, raw coordinate…

Fake job postings have become prevalent in the online job market, posing significant challenges to job seekers and employers. Despite the growing need to address this problem, there is limited research that leverages deep learning…

Financial trading is at the forefront of time-series analysis, and has grown hand-in-hand with it. The advent of electronic trading has allowed complex machine learning solutions to enter the field of financial trading. Financial markets…

In sequence learning tasks such as language modelling, Recurrent Neural Networks must learn relationships between input features separated by time. State of the art models such as LSTM and Transformer are trained by backpropagation of…