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Atomic hydrogen (HI) is a vital player in the star-formation process in galaxies. It is the raw fuel for making molecules, an important shielding agent against interstellar radiation, and a buffer that soaks up the energy and momentum of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-05 Snezana Stanimirovic

Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) constitutes a key phase of the cosmic baryon cycle, bridging the ionised circumgalactic medium and the star-forming molecular gas. Yet, nearly 75 years after its discovery, direct views of HI through its 21cm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-04 Graham Lawrie , Roger Deane , Tariq Blecher , Danail Obreschkow , Ian Heywood , Shilpa Ranchod

As a major interstellar medium, the atomic neutral hydrogen (HI) plays an important role in the galaxy evolution. It provides the ingredient for star formation, and sensitively traces the internal processes and external perturbations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-11 Jing Wang , Xuchen Lin

The gases of the interstellar medium (ISM) possess orders of magnitude more mass than those of all the stars combined and are thus the prime component of the baryonic universe. With L-band surface sensitivity even better than the planned…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-05 Carl Heiles , Di Li , Naomi McClure-Griffiths , Lei Qian , Shu Liu

We present a study of the filamentary structure in the atomic hydrogen (HI) emission at the 21 cm wavelength toward the Galactic plane using the observations in the HI4PI survey. Using the Hessian matrix method across radial velocity…

The atomic hydrogen gas (HI) disk in the outer region (beyond ~10 kpc from the centre) of Milky Way can provide valuable information about the structure of the dark matter halo. The recent 3-D thickness map of the outer HI disk from the all…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-11 Kanak Saha , Evan S. Levine , Chanda J. Jog , Leo Blitz

Atomic hydrogen (HI) dominates the mass of the cold interstellar medium, undergoing thermal condensation to form molecular gas and fuel star formation. Kinematically colder HI components, identified via kinematic decomposition of HI 21 cm…

Elemental abundance patterns in the Galactic disk constrain theories of the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. HII region abundances are the result of billions of years of chemical evolution. We made radio recombination line and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Dana S. Balser , Trey V. Wenger , L. D. Anderson , T. M. Bania

Using H I absorption spectra taken from the recent surveys of 21-cm line and continuum emission in the Galactic plane, the distribution of cool atomic clouds in the outer disk of the Milky Way is revealed. The warp of the midplane is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-01-21 John M. Dickey

We present a comprehensive analysis of atomic hydrogen (HI) properties using a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and N-body simulations covering a large cosmological volume at high resolution. We examine the HI mass function and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 Marta Spinelli , Anna Zoldan , Gabriella De Lucia , Lizhi Xie , Matteo Viel

The atomic hydrogen (HI) properties of star-forming galaxies in the local Universe are known to correlate with other galaxy properties via the ``HI scaling relations''. The redshift evolution of these relations serves as an important…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-14 Apurba Bera , Nissim Kanekar , Jayaram N. Chengalur , Jasjeet S. Bagla

Atomic Hydrogen (HI) is a useful tracer of gas in and around galaxies, and can be found in extended disk-like structures well beyond a system's optical extent. Here we investigate the properties of extended HI disks that emerge in six Milky…

Atomic hydrogen (HI) regulates star formation as cold gas fuels star formation. It represents a key phase of matter in the baryon cycle involving accretion, feedback, outflows, and gas recycling. Redshifted $21$ cm line emission originating…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-28 Sauraj Bharti , J. S. Bagla

One of the major science goals of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is to understand the role played by atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in the evolution of galaxies throughout cosmic time. The hyperfine transition line of the hydrogen atom at 21-cm…

Stars form in the dense interiors of molecular clouds. The dynamics and physical properties of the atomic interstellar medium (ISM) set the conditions under which molecular clouds and eventually stars will form. It is, therefore, critical…

Atomic hydrogen (HI) is an important component of gas in and around galaxies and forms extended disk-like structures well beyond the extent of starlight. Here we investigate the properties and evolution of extended HI disks that emerge in…

The majority of hydrogen in the interstellar medium (ISM) is in atomic form. The transition from atoms to molecules and, in particular, the formation of the H$_2$ molecule, is a key step in cosmic structure formation en route to stars.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-31 Pei Zuo , Di Li , J. E. G. Peek , Qiang Chang , Xia Zhang , Nicholas chapman , Paul F. Goldsmith , Zhi-Yu Zhang

The detailed distribution and kinematics of the atomic and the CO-bright molecular hydrogen in the disc of the Milky Way inside the Solar circle are derived under the assumptions of axisymmetry and pure circular motions. We divide the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-22 A. Marasco , F. Fraternali , J. M. van der Hulst , T. Oosterloo

We present a simulation of the cosmic evolution of the atomic and molecular phases of the cold hydrogen gas in about 3e7 galaxies, obtained by post-processing the virtual galaxy catalog produced by (De Lucia et al. 2007) on the Millennium…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 D. Obreschkow , D. Croton , G. De Lucia , S. Khochfar , S. Rawlings

We use spectral stacking to measure the contribution of galaxies of different masses and in different hierarchies to the cosmic atomic hydrogen (HI) mass density in the local Universe. Our sample includes 1793 galaxies at $z < 0.11$…

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