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We investigate monogenicity and prime splitting in extensions generated by roots of iterated quadratic polynomials. Let $f(x)\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ be an irreducible, monic, quadratic polynomial, and write $f^n(x)$ for the $n^{\text{th}}$…

Most results on the value sets $V_f$ of polynomials $f \in \mathbb{F}_q[x]$ relate the cardinality $|V_f|$ to the degree of $f$. In particular, the structure of the spectrum of the class of polynomials of a fixed degree $d$ is rather well…

The probabilistic degree of a Boolean function $f:\{0,1\}^n\rightarrow \{0,1\}$ is defined to be the smallest $d$ such that there is a random polynomial $\mathbf{P}$ of degree at most $d$ that agrees with $f$ at each point with high…

Motivated by questions about the typical sizes of gaps $|f(n+1)-f(n)|$ in the sequence $(f(n))_n$, where $f$ is an integer-valued multiplicative function, we investigate the set of solutions $$ \{n \in \mathbb{N} : f(n+a) = f(n) + b\},…

One of the major open problems in complexity theory is to demonstrate an explicit function which requires super logarithmic depth, a.k.a, the $\mathbf{P}$ versus $\mathbf{NC^1}$ problem. The current best depth lower bound is $(3-o(1))\cdot…

The $\epsilon$-approximate degree of a Boolean function $f: \{-1, 1\}^n \to \{-1, 1\}$ is the minimum degree of a real polynomial that approximates $f$ to within $\epsilon$ in the $\ell_\infty$ norm. We prove several lower bounds on this…

A simple way to generate a Boolean function is to take the sign of a real polynomial in $n$ variables. Such Boolean functions are called polynomial threshold functions. How many low-degree polynomial threshold functions are there? The…

In this note, we give a short, simple and almost completely self contained proof of a classical result of Kaltofen [Kal86, Kal87, Kal89] which shows that if an $n$ variate degree $d$ polynomial $f$ can be computed by an arithmetic circuit…

We study parity decision trees for Boolean functions. The motivation of our study is the log-rank conjecture for XOR functions and its connection to Fourier analysis and parity decision tree complexity. Let f be a Boolean function with…

Satisfiability of Boolean circuits is among the most known and important problems in theoretical computer science. This problem is NP-complete in general but becomes polynomial time when restricted either to monotone gates or linear gates.…

In 1986, Saks and Wigderson conjectured that the largest separation between deterministic and zero-error randomized query complexity for a total boolean function is given by the function $f$ on $n=2^k$ bits defined by a complete binary tree…

Suppose $F:=(f_1,\ldots,f_n)$ is a system of random $n$-variate polynomials with $f_i$ having degree $\leq\!d_i$ and the coefficient of $x^{a_1}_1\cdots x^{a_n}_n$ in $f_i$ being an independent complex Gaussian of mean $0$ and variance…

We conjecture that the roots of a degree-n univariate complex polynomial are located in a union of n-1 annuli, each of which is centered at a root of the derivative and whose radii depend on higher derivatives. We prove the conjecture for…

This paper gives a dichotomy theorem for the complexity of computing the partition function of an instance of a weighted Boolean constraint satisfaction problem. The problem is parameterised by a finite set F of non-negative functions that…

Suppose f is a real univariate polynomial of degree D with exactly 4 monomial terms. We present an algorithm, with complexity polynomial in log D on average (relative to the stable log-uniform measure), for counting the number of real roots…

Let $n_0$ be 1 or 3. If a multiplicative function $f$ satisfies $f(p+q-n_0) = f(p)+f(q)-f(n_0)$ for all primes $p$ and $q$, then $f$ is the identity function $f(n)=n$ or a constant function $f(n)=1$.

We establish several results concerning the expected general phenomenon that, given a multiplicative function $f:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}$, the values of $f(n)$ and $f(n+a)$ are "generally" independent unless $f$ is of a "special" form.…

The {\em Total Influence} ({\em Average Sensitivity) of a discrete function is one of its fundamental measures. We study the problem of approximating the total influence of a monotone Boolean function \ifnum\plusminus=1 $f: \{\pm1\}^n…

Let $V$ be a finite set of size $n$. We consider real functions on the "slice" $\binom{V}{k}$, which are also known as functions in the Johnson scheme. For $I \subseteq J \subseteq V$, the characteristic function of the set of all…

Let $M(n)$ denote the number of distinct entries in the $n \times n$ multiplication table. The function $M(n)$ has been studied by Erd\H{o}s, Tenenbaum, Ford, and others, but the asymptotic behaviour of $M(n)$ as $n \to \infty$ is not known…