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Endoscopes featuring a miniaturized design have significantly enhanced operational flexibility, portability, and diagnostic capability while substantially reducing the invasiveness of medical procedures. Recently, single-use endoscopes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Yu Xing , Shishi Huang , Meng Lv , Guo Chen , Huailiang Wang , Lingzhi Sui

Recovering a signal from auto-correlations or, equivalently, retrieving the phase linked to a given Fourier modulus, is a wide-spread problem in imaging. This problem has been tackled in a number of experimental situations, from optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-03 Daniele Ancora , Andrea Bassi

The architecture of the novel MPGD-based photon detectors of COMPASS RICH-1 consists in a large-size hybrid MPGD multilayer layout combining two layers of Thick-GEMs and a bulk resistive MICROMEGAS. Concerning biasing voltage, the…

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) are commonly recorded in intesive care unit (ICU) and operating room (OR). However, the high incidence of poor, incomplete, and inconsistent signal quality, can lead to false alarms or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zongheng Guo , Tao Chen , Manuela Ferrario

In Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems, atmospheric turbulence distorts the propagating beams, causing a random fading in the received power. This perturbation can be compensated using a multi-aperture receiver that samples the…

This paper presents an innovative in-pixel contrast enhancement circuit that performs image processing directly within the pixel circuit. The circuit can be tuned for different modes of operation. In foreground enhancement mode, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Md Rahatul Islam Udoy , Md Mazharul Islam , Elijah Johnson , Ahmedullah Aziz

With the ongoing heart problems of the population worldwide, the medical requirements of the people are expected to increase. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the proven to capture the heart response signal to assess the electrical and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-08 Ayan Chatterjee , Sundar Gopalakrishnan , Martin Gerdes , Santiago Martinez , Nibedita Pahari , Pankaj Khatiwada

Cardiovascular signals such as photoplethysmography (PPG), electrocardiography (ECG), and blood pressure (BP) are inherently correlated and complementary, together reflecting the health of cardiovascular system. However, their joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Zehua Chen , Yuyang Miao , Liyuan Wang , Luyun Fan , Danilo P. Mandic , Jun Zhu

This paper addresses the problem of inverse rendering from photometric images. Existing approaches for this problem suffer from the effects of self-shadows, inter-reflections, and lack of constraints on the surface reflectance, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Jingzhi Bao , Guanying Chen , Shuguang Cui

An ultraviolet (UV) photodetector employing the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the AlGaN/GaN interface as an interdigitated transducer (IDT) is characterized under optical stimulus. The 2DEG-IDT photodetector exhibits a…

Hypertension, a leading contributor to cardiovascular morbidity, underscores the need for accurate and continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Photoplethysmography (PPG) presents a promising approach to this end. However, the precision…

Radiation-induced photocurrent in semiconductor devices can be simulated using complex physics-based models, which are accurate, but computationally expensive. This presents a challenge for implementing device characteristics in high-level…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-08-31 Joshua Hanson , Pavel Bochev , Biliana Paskaleva

Self-supervised deep learning methods for joint depth and ego-motion estimation can yield accurate trajectories without needing ground-truth training data. However, as they typically use photometric losses, their performance can degrade…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Madhu Vankadari , Stuart Golodetz , Sourav Garg , Sangyun Shin , Andrew Markham , Niki Trigoni

Photoacoustic imaging is the leading technique for deep tissue optical imaging, allowing single-shot imaging at depths. However, its resolution may be limited by acoustic aberrations, caused by natural unknown heterogeneities in the tissue…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-01 Yevgeny Slobodkin , Ori Katz

Channel state information (CSI) is essential to the performance optimization of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided wireless communication systems. However, the passive and frequency-flat reflection of IRS, as well as the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-18 He Sun , Lipeng Zhu , Weidong Mei , Rui Zhang

Modern cameras' performance in low-light conditions remains suboptimal due to fundamental limitations in photon shot noise and sensor read noise. Generative image restoration methods have shown promising results compared to traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xijun Wang , Prateek Chennuri , Dilshan Godaliyadda , Yu Yuan , Bole Ma , Xingguang Zhang , Hamid R. Sheikh , Stanley Chan

Optical amplifiers are ubiquitous in science and technology and are the workhorse of modern communications. Currently, virtually all amplifiers rely on atomic resonances, such as rare-earth-doped fibers, or are based on III-V…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-22 Nikolai Kuznetsov , Zihan Li , Tobias J. Kippenberg

Generally, wave field reconstructions obtained by phase-retrieval algorithms are noisy, blurred and corrupted by various artifacts such as irregular waves, spots, etc. These disturbances, arising due to many factors such as non-idealities…

Optics · Physics 2012-07-24 Artem Migukin , Mostafa Agour , Vladimir Katkovnik

We have developed a new method to correct dark current at relatively high temperatures for Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) images when dark frames cannot be obtained on the telescope. For images taken with the Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Bin Ma , Zhaohui Shang , Yi Hu , Qiang Liu , Lifan Wang , Peng Wei

Microseismic source imaging plays a significant role in passive seismic monitoring. However, such a process is prone to failure due to aliasing when dealing with sparsely measured data. Thus, we propose a direct microseismic imaging…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-02-27 Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah