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We have demonstrated the exchange of sifted quantum cryptographic key over a 730 meter free-space link at rates of up to 1.0 Mbps, two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported results. A classical channel at 1550 nm operates in…

Recent work has raised the possibility that quantum information theory techniques can be used to synchronize atomic clocks nonlocally. One of the proposed algorithms for quantum clock synchronization (QCS) requires distribution of entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Ulvi Yurtsever , Jonathan P. Dowling

High-precision frequency alignment with classical communication channels is difficult due to noise, propagation delays, and signal degradation. Current optical methods, commonly involving frequency combs, are capable of synchronising clocks…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Adam Walton , Benjamin T. H. Varcoe

We investigate methods to broadcast timing information from a central clock to all other clocks by the use of multipartite entanglement. This task is a necessary step in establishing a coordinated universal time, currently performed using…

The operation of long-distance quantum networks requires photons to be synchronized and must account for length variations of quantum channels. We demonstrate a 200 MHz clock-rate fiber optic-based quantum network using off-the-shelf…

A wide variety of positioning and ranging procedures are based on repeatedly sending electromagnetic pulses through space and measuring their time of arrival. This paper shows that quantum entanglement and squeezing can be employed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 V. Giovannetti , S. Lloyd , L. Maccone

We establish a novel quantum protocol called Timelike Quantum Energy Teleportation (TQET) between two separated parties $A$ and $B$, designed for transporting quantum energy across spacetime. The amount of energy gained through TQET is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Kazuki Ikeda

Accurate time transfer has become a crucial issue for future space experiments which require increasing resolution over large distances. In 2008, a scheme combining homodyne detection and mode-locked femtosecond lasers was proposed that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 Shaofeng Wang , Xiao Xiang , Nicolas Treps , Claude Fabre , Ruifang Dong , Tao Liu , Shougang Zhang

The accuracy of the time information generated by clocks can be enhanced by allowing them to communicate with each other. Here we consider a basic scenario where a quantum clock receives a low-accuracy time signal as input and ask whether…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Yuxiang Yang , Lennart Baumgärtner , Ralph Silva , Renato Renner

Accurate time synchronization is essential for Internet of Things (IoT) systems, where multiple distributed nodes must share a common time base for coordinated sensing and data fusion. However, conventional synchronization approaches suffer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ziyao Zhou , Tiancheng Cao , Chen Shen , Jiaqi Zhang , Yuting Liu , Hen-Wei Huang

A quantum positioning system (QPS) is proposed that can provide a user with all four of his space-time coordinates. The user must carry a corner cube reflector, a good clock, and have a two-way classical channel of communication with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas B. Bahder

Establishing and maintaining a common time reference across spatially separated devices is a prerequisite for networked quantum experiments and secure communications. Classical two-way timing protocols such as Network Time Protocol (NTP) or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Noah Crum , Md Mehdi Hassan , George Siopsis

Analytical treatment of time transfer problem for Earth-Satellite system is presented. The development was made in a complete relativistic framework. In accordance with modern clock precision and for low altitude orbits, we neglect the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-03 Olivier Minazzoli , Bertrand Chauvineau

With the goal of a space-based quantum network is to have satellites distribute keys between any nodes on the ground, we consider an evolved quantum network from a near-term form, in which a space-based relay, satellite executes a sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 Xingyu Wang , Chen Dong , Jiahua Wei , Tianyi Wu , Taoyong Li , Huicun Yu , Lei Shi , Shanghong Zhao

Quantum technologies present new opportunities for fundamental tests of nature. One potential application is to probe the interplay between quantum physics and general relativity - a field of physics with no empirical evidence yet. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Johannes Borregaard , Igor Pikovski

The quantum clock synchronization algorithm proposed by I. L. Chuang (Phys. Rev. Lett, 85, 2006(2000)) has been implemented in a three qubit nuclear magnetic resonance quantum system. The effective-pure state is prepared by the spatial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jingfu Zhang , Guilu Long , Zhiwei Deng , Wenzhang Liu , Zhiheng Lu

Quantum state transfer (QST) describes the coherent passage of quantum information from one node in a network to another. Experiments on QST span a diverse set of platforms and currently report transport across up to tens of nodes in times…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Alexander Yue , Rubem Mondaini , Qiujiang Guo , Richard T. Scalettar

Quantum-energy teleportation (QET) has so far only been realised on a two-qubit platform. Real-world communication, however, typically involves multiple parties. Here we design and experimentally demonstrate the first multi-qubit QET…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Alif Elham Khan , Humayra Anjum , Mahdy Rahman Chowdhury

Quantum communication has seen rapid progress towards practical large-scale networks, with quantum key distribution (QKD) spearheading this development. While fibre based systems have been shown to be well suited for metropolitan scales,…

Quantum mechanics provides a disembodied way to transfer quantum information from one quantum object to another. In theory, this quantum information transfer can occur between quantum objects of any dimension, yet the reported experiments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Tianfeng Feng , Qiao Xu , Linxiang Zhou , Maolin Luo , Wuhong Zhang , Xiaoqi Zhou