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Firth (1993, Biometrika) shows that the maximum Jeffreys' prior penalized likelihood estimator in logistic regression has asymptotic bias decreasing with the square of the number of observations when the number of parameters is fixed, which…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-09 Ioannis Kosmidis , Patrick Zietkiewicz

Penalization of the likelihood by Jeffreys' invariant prior, or by a positive power thereof, is shown to produce finite-valued maximum penalized likelihood estimates in a broad class of binomial generalized linear models. The class of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Ioannis Kosmidis , David Firth

Maximum likelihood estimation in logistic regression with mixed effects is known to often result in estimates on the boundary of the parameter space. Such estimates, which include infinite values for fixed effects and singular or infinite…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-03 Philipp Sterzinger , Ioannis Kosmidis

Logistic regression models for binomial responses are routinely used in statistical practice. However, the maximum likelihood estimate may not exist due to data separability. We address this issue by considering a conjugate prior penalty…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-18 Tommaso Rigon , Emanuele Aliverti

Propensity score methods are widely used for estimating treatment effects from observational studies. A popular approach is to estimate propensity scores by maximum likelihood based on logistic regression, and then apply inverse probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-24 Zhiqiang Tan

Many applications of generalised linear models (GLMs) can be improved by applying constraints that impose assumptions on the associations or improve consistency of the estimators. Yet, there are still barriers to the implementation and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-19 Pierre Masselot , Devon Nenon , Jacopo Vanoli , Zaid Chalabi , Antonio Gasparrini

This paper presents an integrated framework for estimation and inference from generalized linear models using adjusted score equations that result in mean and median bias reduction. The framework unifies theoretical and methodological…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-15 Ioannis Kosmidis , Euloge Clovis Kenne Pagui , Nicola Sartori

In logistic regression modeling, Firth's modified estimator is widely used to address the issue of data separation, which results in the nonexistence of the maximum likelihood estimate. Firth's modified estimator can be formulated as a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-15 Mitsunori Ogawa , Yui Tomo

Positive and unlabelled learning is an important problem which arises naturally in many applications. The significant limitation of almost all existing methods lies in assuming that the propensity score function is constant (SCAR…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Konrad Furmańczyk , Jan Mielniczuk , Wojciech Rejchel , Paweł Teisseyre

Sparse regularized regression methods are now widely used in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to address the multiple testing burden that limits discovery of potentially important predictors. Linear mixed models (LMMs) have become an…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Julien St-Pierre , Karim Oualkacha , Sahir Rai Bhatnagar

Firth-type logistic regression has become a standard approach for the analysis of binary outcomes with small samples. Whereas it reduces the bias in maximum likelihood estimates of coefficients, bias towards 1/2 is introduced in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-20 Rainer Puhr , Georg Heinze , Mariana Nold , Lara Lusa , Angelika Geroldinger

Estimation in generalized linear models (GLM) is complicated by the presence of constraints. One can handle constraints by maximizing a penalized log-likelihood. Penalties such as the lasso are effective in high dimensions, but often lead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-07 Jason Xu , Eric C. Chi , Kenneth Lange

We consider a finite mixture of regressions (FMR) model for high-dimensional inhomogeneous data where the number of covariates may be much larger than sample size. We propose an l1-penalized maximum likelihood estimator in an appropriate…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-28 Nicolas Städler , Peter Bühlmann , Sara van de Geer

We consider nonlinear mixed effects models including high-dimensional covariates to model individual parameters variability. The objective is to identify relevant covariates among a large set under sparsity assumption and to estimate model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Antoine Caillebotte , Estelle Kuhn , Sarah Lemler

We propose a novel method to model nonlinear regression problems by adapting the principle of penalization to Partial Least Squares (PLS). Starting with a generalized additive model, we expand the additive component of each variable in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-08-13 Nicole Kraemer , Anne-Laure Boulesteix , Gerhard Tutz

Classical penalized likelihood regression problems deal with the case that the independent variables data are known exactly. In practice, however, it is common to observe data with incomplete covariate information. We are concerned with a…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-08-04 Xiwen Ma , Bin Dai , Ronald Klein , Barbara E. K. Klein , Kristine E. Lee , Grace Wahba

Variable selection is an old and pervasive problem in regression analysis. One solution is to impose a lasso penalty to shrink parameter estimates toward zero and perform continuous model selection. The lasso-penalized mixture of linear…

Applications · Statistics 2016-05-04 Luke R. Lloyd-Jones , Hien D. Nguyen , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

We consider model selection in generalized linear models (GLM) for high-dimensional data and propose a wide class of model selection criteria based on penalized maximum likelihood with a complexity penalty on the model size. We derive a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Felix Abramovich , Vadim Grinshtein

The paper deals with generalized functional regression. The aim is to estimate the influence of covariates on observations, drawn from an exponential distribution. The link considered has a semiparametric expression: if we are interested in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-20 Irène Gannaz

Robust estimators for generalized linear models (GLMs) are not easy to develop due to the nature of the distributions involved. Recently, there has been growing interest in robust estimation methods, particularly in contexts involving a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Marina Valdora , Claudio Agostinelli
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