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Backdoor and data-poisoning attacks can flip predictions with tiny training corruptions, yet a sharp theory linking poisoning strength, overparameterization, and regularization is lacking. We analyze ridge least squares with an unpenalized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Donald Flynn , Diego Granziol

Backdoor injection attack is an emerging threat to the security of neural networks, however, there still exist limited effective defense methods against the attack. In this paper, we propose BAERASE, a novel method that can erase the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Yang Liu , Mingyuan Fan , Cen Chen , Ximeng Liu , Zhuo Ma , Li Wang , Jianfeng Ma

We study backdoor poisoning attacks against image classification networks, whereby an attacker inserts a trigger into a subset of the training data, in such a way that at test time, this trigger causes the classifier to predict some target…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Muhammad Usman , Youcheng Sun , Divya Gopinath , Corina S. Pasareanu

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning method that enables participants to collaboratively train a model without sharing their private data. Despite its privacy and scalability benefits, FL is susceptible to backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Yujie Zhang , Neil Gong , Michael K. Reiter

Indiscriminate data poisoning attacks aim to decrease a model's test accuracy by injecting a small amount of corrupted training data. Despite significant interest, existing attacks remain relatively ineffective against modern machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yiwei Lu , Gautam Kamath , Yaoliang Yu

Data poisoning is a type of adversarial attack on training data where an attacker manipulates a fraction of data to degrade the performance of machine learning model. Therefore, applications that rely on external data-sources for training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Sanjay Seetharaman , Shubham Malaviya , Rosni KV , Manish Shukla , Sachin Lodha

Machine learning systems are deployed in critical settings, but they might fail in unexpected ways, impacting the accuracy of their predictions. Poisoning attacks against machine learning induce adversarial modification of data used by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Matthew Jagielski , Giorgio Severi , Niklas Pousette Harger , Alina Oprea

Recently, DL has been exploited in wireless communications such as modulation classification. However, due to the openness of wireless channel and unexplainability of DL, it is also vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In this correspondence,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Yunsong Huang , Weicheng Liu , Hui-Ming Wang

Textual backdoor attacks are a kind of practical threat to NLP systems. By injecting a backdoor in the training phase, the adversary could control model predictions via predefined triggers. As various attack and defense models have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Bingxiang He , Yangyi Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Adversarial attacks by malicious actors on machine learning systems, such as introducing poison triggers into training datasets, pose significant risks. The challenge in resolving such an attack arises in practice when only a subset of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Stefan Schoepf , Jack Foster , Alexandra Brintrup

Backdoor attacks, representing an emerging threat to the integrity of deep neural networks, have garnered significant attention due to their ability to compromise deep learning systems clandestinely. While numerous backdoor attacks occur…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Sze Jue Yang , Chinh D. La , Quang H. Nguyen , Kok-Seng Wong , Anh Tuan Tran , Chee Seng Chan , Khoa D. Doan

Recommender systems have become an integral part of online services to help users locate specific information in a sea of data. However, existing studies show that some recommender systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks, particularly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Thanh Toan Nguyen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Thanh Tam Nguyen , Thanh Trung Huynh , Thanh Thi Nguyen , Matthias Weidlich , Hongzhi Yin

Modern machine learning pipelines leverage large amounts of public data, making it infeasible to guarantee data quality and leaving models open to poisoning and backdoor attacks. Provably bounding model behavior under such attacks remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Philip Sosnin , Mark N. Müller , Maximilian Baader , Calvin Tsay , Matthew Wicker

The prompt-based learning paradigm, which bridges the gap between pre-training and fine-tuning, achieves state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot settings. Despite being widely applied, prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Shuai Zhao , Jinming Wen , Luu Anh Tuan , Junbo Zhao , Jie Fu

In the software engineering community, deep learning (DL) has recently been applied to many source code processing tasks. Due to the poor interpretability of DL models, their security vulnerabilities require scrutiny. Recently, researchers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jia Li , Zhuo Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Xing Hu , Xin Xia

Current backdoor defense methods are evaluated against a single attack at a time. This is unrealistic, as powerful machine learning systems are trained on large datasets scraped from the internet, which may be attacked multiple times by one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Neel Alex , Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Amartya Sanyal , David Krueger

Backdoor attacks embed malicious triggers into training data, enabling attackers to manipulate neural network behavior during inference while maintaining high accuracy on benign inputs. However, existing backdoor attacks face limitations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhou Feng , Jiahao Chen , Chunyi Zhou , Yuwen Pu , Qingming Li , Shouling Ji

Semi-supervised machine learning models learn from a (small) set of labeled training examples, and a (large) set of unlabeled training examples. State-of-the-art models can reach within a few percentage points of fully-supervised training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Nicholas Carlini

Backdoor unlearning aims to remove backdoor-related information while preserving the model's original functionality. However, existing unlearning methods mainly focus on recovering trigger patterns but fail to restore the correct semantic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yanghao Su , Jie Zhang , Yiming Li , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Nils Lukas , Wenbo Zhou

Backdoor attacks compromise the integrity and reliability of machine learning models by embedding a hidden trigger during the training process, which can later be activated to cause unintended misbehavior. We propose a novel backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Felix Hsieh , Huy H. Nguyen , AprilPyone MaungMaung , Dmitrii Usynin , Isao Echizen